张晓青 惠华英 李斌 陈伶利

〔摘要〕 目的 检测五味消毒饮不同分离部位的体外抗菌活性，为五味消毒饮的二次开发提供实验依据。方法 本研究将五味消毒饮水煎液用NKA-9大孔树脂进行吸附分离得到不同部位的洗脱液，用牛津杯法测定其抑菌圈，并用试管稀释法检测洗脱液对细菌的最低抑菌浓度（MIC）。结果 各分离部位对不同菌株的抑菌效果有显著差异，30%乙醇洗脱液对金黄色葡萄球菌和志贺氏痢疾杆菌的抑制效果最好，MIC分别为0.055 g/mL和0.150 g/mL；而水洗液对肺炎链球菌杆菌的抑制效果最佳，MIC为0.184 g/mL，对金黄色葡萄球菌和志贺氏痢疾杆菌没有抑制作用；水洗液、10%乙醇洗脱液、30%乙醇洗脱液对绿脓杆菌几乎没有抑制效果，极性稍小的50%乙醇洗脱液、70%乙醇洗脱液、90%乙醇洗脱液对绿脓杆菌有较弱的抑制效果。结论 五味消毒饮的不同分离部位对不同细菌的抑制效果不同，为经典方剂“五味消毒饮”的二次开发提供了理论依据和数据支持。

〔关键词〕 五味消毒饮；NKA-9大孔树脂；最低抑菌浓度；洗脱液

〔中图分类号〕R285.5；R284.2 〔文献标志码〕A 〔文章编号〕doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-070X.2018.08.004

〔Abstract〕 Objective To investigate the in vitro antibacterial activity of different separated parts of Wuwei Xiaodu Decoction， and to provide an experimental basis for the secondary development of Wuwei Xiaodu Decoction. Methods The water extract solution of Wuwei Xiaodu Decoction was absorbed and separated by NKA-9 macroporous resin to obtain the eluent of each part. The Oxford cup method was used to measure the inhibition zone， and the tube dilution method was used to measure the minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） of the eluent. Results There was a significant difference in antibacterial effect on different strains between the separated parts. The 30% ethanol eluent had the best inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae， with an MIC of 0.055 g/ml and 0.150 g/ml， respectively. The water extract had the best inhibitory effect on Streptococcus pneumoniae， with an MIC of 0.184 g/ml， while it had no inhibitory effect on Staphylococcus aureus and Shigella dysenteriae. The water extract， 10% ethanol eluent， and 30% ethanol eluent had little inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa， and 50% ethanol eluent with less polarity， 70% ethanol eluent， and 90% ethanol eluent had a weak inhibitory effect on Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Conclusion Different separated parts of Wuwei Xiaodu Decoction have a different inhibitory effect on different bacteria， which provide a theoretical basis and data support for the secondary development of the classic prescription Wuwei Xiaodu Decoction.

〔Keywords〕 Wuwei Xiaodu Decoction； NKA-9 macroporous resin； minimal inhibitory concentration； eluent

五味消毒飲是出自清代名著《医宗金鉴》的经典名方，由金银花、野菊花、蒲公英、紫花地丁、紫背天葵子组成，具有清热解毒、消散疔疮等功效，具有广谱抗菌作用，在临床上被广泛应用于临床各科中属于热毒所致的疾患，如内科泌尿系统、消化系统、呼吸系统、心脑血管系统等多种疾病，广泛用于多种炎症感染性疾病，如急性泌尿系统感染、带状疱疹、痤疮或外科疮痈疖肿等热毒炽盛的疾病，均有良好效果[1-4]。……