APP下载

❷文明公德

2018-07-27安徽吴安运

疯狂英语·新策略 2018年12期
关键词:讲文明节约粮食公共场合

安徽 吴安运

★话题概述

文明公德是每个人在现实生活中应该遵守的基本道德,如尊老爱幼,遵守交通秩序,爱护环境,礼貌待人,言谈举止文明,等等。也就是说,文明公德是社会生活中最简单、最起码、最普遍的行为准则,是维持社会公共生活正常、有序、健康进行的最基本条件。在学校没有良好的文明公德习惯的同学就可能目无纪律,不讲卫生,扰乱班级的学习环境。

相反,如果同学们养成了文明公德的习惯,那么学习环境自然就会良好、有序。

文明公德的主要内容可以用二十个字来概括:文明礼貌,助人为乐,爱护公物,保护环境,遵纪守法。

这种话题的写作通常采用说明文和应用文的体裁,人称也因文体而异,可以是第一人称,也可以是第三人称,而时态主要是一般现在时。

[高频词语]

1.good manners 有礼貌

2.get on well with... 与……友好相处

3.help others 帮助别人

4.avoid wasting 避免浪费

5.kind and friendly 善良与友好

6.in public 公众场合

7.throw rubbish 扔垃圾

8.keep our city clean and beautiful 保持我们的城市洁净又漂亮

9.save food and water 节约水和粮食

10.protect the environment 保护环境

11.moral 道德的;品行端正的

12.social 社会的;社交的

13.polite 礼貌;文雅的

14.honest 诚实的;坦率的

15.media 媒体;传媒

16.security 平安;安全

17.contribute 贡献;出力

18.be responsible for... 对……负责

19.respect our parents 尊敬父母

20.make a law of... 制定……法律

21.volunteer to do sth. 自愿做某事

22.take an active part in the social practice 积极参加社会实践

23.make a difference to... 对……有影响

24.bad habit 不良习惯;恶习

25.volunteer service 志愿者服务

[经典句型]

1.As a middle school student, we should have good manners. 作为一名中学生,我们应该有礼貌。

2.We should respect our parents and help them do some housework. 我们应该尊重父母,帮助他们做些家务。

3.It's always good to be kind and friendly. 善良和友好总是好的。

4.We should try our best to help the people in need. 我们应该尽最大努力帮助那些需要帮助的人。

5.It's important and necessary for us to help protect the environment. 对于我们来说,保护环境是非常重要和必要的。

6.Good manners can make a difference and lead to a better future. 良好的举止能发挥作用并创造一个更美好的未来。

7.Don't throw rubbish everywhere. 不要乱扔垃圾。

8.We should be polite to others and we should be honest. 我们应当礼貌待人,诚实做人。

9.Don't talk loudly in public places. 在公共场合不要大声喧哗。

10.We are supposed to save food and water. 我们应当节约粮食和水。

11.Roses given, fragrance in hand. 赠人玫瑰,手有余香。

12.We should be kind to others, warm-hearted to everyone and generous to our friends. 我们应该善待他人,对每个人都热心,对我们的朋友慷慨大方。

13.They often donate...to a charity. 他们经常向慈善机构捐献……

14.He was always ready to help others, in return,he was liked by everyone. 他总是乐于助人,作为回报,大家都喜欢他。

15.The biggest secret in moral is love. 道德中最大的秘密就是爱。

★题例解读

为了践行社会主义核心价值观,你校学生会决定举办以“文明礼仪伴我行”为主题的英语征文比赛。请你根据以下的要点提示及要求,写一篇英语短文参赛。

要点提示:

1.尊敬(respect)父母,帮助他们做些家务;

2.待人有礼貌,诚实友好,帮助他人;

3.不在公共场合大声喧哗,不乱扔垃圾;

4.节约粮食,节约用水。

具体要求:

1.短文须包含要点提示中的所有信息(不要逐字翻译),并在此基础上适当发挥;

2.80词左右(短文开头与结尾已给出,不计入总词数)。

As a middle school student, we should have good manners.

In a word, good manners can make a difference and lead to a better future.

【写作提示】

一、审题立意

本篇书面表达属于要点提示类作文。题目中所给的要点明确、话题熟悉,考生写起来应该不会太难。

此外,考生在写作时应该注意把握好文章的结构。首先开篇应该引出本文的话题,即中学生应该讲文明、有礼貌。然后按照要点提示的四个方面展开论述。最后谈谈自己对“文明礼仪伴我行”活动的总体看法。

二、信息要点

1.中学生应该讲文明,有礼貌;

2.要尊敬父母,力所能及地帮助他们做些家务;

3.要有礼貌,诚实友好,乐于助人;

4.不在公共场合大声喧哗,不乱扔垃圾;

5.节约粮食,节约用水。

三、谋篇布局

四、注意事项

1.必须包含要点提示中的所有信息,但不要逐字翻译,并在此基础上可以对某些细节进行适当发挥。

2.语言准确、简洁,力求用最简短的话语介绍最全面的信息。

【佳作赏析1】

As a middle school student, we should have good manners. ①At home, we're supposed to respect our parents and try our best to help them with housework.And we should be polite and honest. We should help others when they are in trouble. ②Don't talk loudly and we should keep voice down in public places.③We shouldn't drop litter, either. ④And we should save food and water and avoid wasting.

In a word, good manners can make a difference and lead to a better future.

亮点分析:

本篇文章结构完整,层次清晰,语言流畅、自然。

作者紧紧围绕“怎样成为讲文明,有礼貌的学生”的主题展开论述,整体结构严谨,有条有理。作者在行文时用词非常丰富、新颖、地道,并且能很好地将简单句和复杂句有机结合在一起,使文章锦上添花。

①be supposed to do sth. 意为“应该做某事”,属于高级词汇,表达地道。

②本句是由一个否定句和一个肯定句组成的并列句,and连接的后一个句子起顺承和进一步说明的作用,语言运用得体,给人耳目一新的感觉。

③either是副词,意为“也”,用于否定句句末。它的运用使得上下句衔接完整,过渡非常自然。

④avoid意为“避免”,是一个高级词汇,其后应该跟动词的-ing形式。作者在此处的准确运用,显示了他扎实的语言功底和非凡的写作能力。

【佳作赏析2】

As a middle school student, we should have good manners. ①First of all, we should be a good child at home. We should respect our parents and help them do some housework. Secondly, we should be a good student at school. ②We should be polite to others and we should be honest. We should get on well with others and try to help others. Thirdly, we should be a good person in public places. ③We shouldn't talk loudly in public places and don't drop litter around.④In our daily life, we should try our best to save food and water.

In a word, good manners can make a difference and lead to a better future.

亮点分析:

本文主题突出,过渡自然,结构清晰,要点齐全。文章按照四个层次(即在家、在学校、在公共场合、在日常生活中)分别论述了在生活中如何才能做到“讲文明,有礼貌”。

作者能够按照题目要求把文章内容较好地展现在读者面前。文中长短句交替使用,让人读起来一气呵成。

①按照所给提示的先后顺序,首先介绍了在家我们应该怎么做。

②并列句的使用使文章句式灵活、丰富,增添了文章的色彩。

③本句是由两个否定句组成的并列句,and前面的分句用了shouldn't,and后面的分句用了don't。

④try our best意为“尽我们最大努力”,属于高级表达形式,丰富了文章的句式结构。

【参考范文】

As a middle school student, we should have good manners. First, we should respect our parents and help them do some housework. Second, we should be polite and honest. Also, it's always good to be kind and friendly. We should try our best to help the people in need. Third, we'd better not talk loudly in public.Don't throw rubbish everywhere. It's our duty to keep our city clean and beautiful. Fourth, we are supposed to save food and water. Lastly, it's important and necessary for us to help protect the environment.

In a word, good manners can make a difference and lead to a better future.

★尝试练笔

践行文明礼仪,从我做起。作为一名学生,我们应该不断提高文明素养,做文明礼仪的倡导者。

请以“Be a student with good manners”为题,写一篇英语短文。

内容要点:

1.叙述一次生活中文明或不文明的事例(时间、地点、人物、经过及你的看法);

2.就如何成为一名有文明素养的学生提出自己的建议(至少两点)。

具体要求:

1.不要逐字翻译要点内容,某些细节可以适当发挥;

2.词数:100左右。

Be a student with good manners

(答案见第64页)

猜你喜欢

讲文明节约粮食公共场合
讲文明·树新风
节约粮食
一言一行讲文明,一点一滴筑文明
节约粮食
节约粮食 从我做起
锐词
菲律宾·马尼拉
讲文明树新风 公益广告
节约粮食,从我做起
《刑法修正案(十)》中“公共场合”的教义学理解——兼论刑事立法语言的统一性和模糊性