钻井废水中重金属检测消解方法对地下水环境影响探讨
2018-07-18谢光辉陈文俊谢凯名
谢光辉 陈文俊 谢凯名
摘要:本文分别用微波消解、密闭容器消解和电热板消解3种方法对钻井废水预处理,然后以原子吸收分光光度法测定其中的铜、锌、铅、镉、铁、锰的含量,并做准确度与精密度试验。试验结果表明微波炉消解法能将钻井废水样品完全消解,试验数据的准确度和精确度均能达到水质检测标准,且在消解过程中耗时、安全性等因素均优于电热板消解法和密闭容器消解法。同时,试验进一步讨论了微波消解法消解体系的选择。
关键词:微波消解;钻井废水;重金属;原子吸收分光光度法;消解液体系
中图分类号:X52 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-672X(2018)05-0253-02
DOI:10.16647/j.cnki.cn15-1369/X.2018.05.149
Abstract : The drilling wastewater was pretreated by microwave digestion, closed vessel digestion and electrothermal plate digestion. The contents of copper, zinc, lead, cadmium, iron, and manganese were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Accuracy and precision tests. The experimental results show that the microwave digestion method can completely eliminate the drilling wastewater samples, the accuracy and accuracy of the test data can reach the water quality testing standards, and the consumption time, safety and other factors in the digestion process are better than the electric heating plate digestion method and confined Container digestion. At the same time, the experiment further discussed the choice of microwave digestion digestion system.
Key words: Microwave digestion; Drilling wastewater; Heavy metal; Atomic absorption spectrophotometry; Digestion system
重金属是钻井废水的主要污染物。钻井废水含有各种泥浆材料,组分复杂,有机物含量高,水样色度高且含有许多复杂的化学处理剂复杂。采用GB/T7475--1987《水质 铜、锌、铅、镉的测定 原子吸收分光光度法》和GB/T11911--1989《水质 铁、锰的测定 原子吸收分光光度法》检测废水中重金属含量时须做样品预处理,其中消解是关键。样品能否完全消解,干扰物质是否去除完全,会直接影响分析结果甚至会影响分析仪器的正常使用。依据GB/T7475--1987及GB/T11911--1989中水样的预处理或干扰消除方法对钻井废水样品预处理并不能解决上述问题。为此,本文就现常用的固废物及土壤消解方法:全分解电热板消解法、密闭容器消解法和微波消解法进行钻井废水样品中铜、锌、铅、镉、铁、锰的对比试验,选择出相对较优的消解方法和消解条件[1-3]。
1 主要仪器和试剂……p>
