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戴明环法在提高小儿头皮静脉输液滴速准确率中的作用

2018-06-16程丽萍

中国当代医药 2018年12期

程丽萍

[摘要]目的 探讨戴明环法(PDCA循环法)在提高小儿头皮静脉输液滴速准确率中的作用。方法 选取2017年1~10月我院进行头皮静脉输液治疗的260例患儿为研究对象,其中2017年1~5月PDCA循环法运用前的120例患儿设为对照组,2017年6~10月PDCA循环法应用后的140例患儿设为观察组。观察比较两组患儿头皮静脉输液滴速中存在的缺陷及滴速准确率。结果 观察组小儿头皮静脉输液滴速中存在的缺陷显著少于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组小儿头皮静脉输液滴速准确率为94.29%(132/140),明显高于对照组的66.67%(80/120),差异有统计学意义(χ2=32.743,P<0.05)。结论 应用PDCA循环法对小儿头皮静脉输液进行护理,能有效减少输液滴速的缺陷,明显提高小儿头皮静脉输液滴速的准确率。

[关键词]戴明环法;患儿;头皮静脉输液;滴速;准确率

[中图分类号] R72 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-4721(2018)4(c)-0192-04

The role of deming circulatory method in improving the accuracy of drip rate of scalp intravenous infants

CHEN Li-ping

Department of Emergency,Shenzhen Children′s Hospital,Guangdong Province,Shenzhen 518026,China

[Abstract]Objective To explore the role of Deming Central Loop (PDCA) method in improving the accuracy of drip rate of infantile scalp intravenous infusion.Methosds From January to October in 2017,260 cases of scalp venous transfusion in our hospital were selected as the research object.From January to May in 2017,120 children before PDCA cycle method was used were set as control group,and 140 children were after PDCA cycle method was used from June to October in 2017 set as observation group.The defects and accuracy of scalp intravenous infusion dripping rate were observed and compared between the two groups.Results The observation group had fewer defects than the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05).The accuracy rate of scalp intravenous infusion was 94.29% (132/140) in the observation group, which was significantly higher than 66.67 % (80/120) in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=32.743,P<0.05).Conclusion The use of PDCA cycle in the treatment of scalp intravenous infusion of children,can effectively reduce the infusion rate of infusion defects,significantly improve the scalp intravenous infusion rate accuracy.

[Key words]PDCA;Pediatric;Scalp intravenous infusion;Drip rate;Accuracy rate

靜脉输注是护士基本护理的重要内容之一,且输液滴灌率的准确调节是确保治疗和护理的重要环节[1]。小儿头皮静脉输液工作量较大,且输液群体特殊,输液过快或者过慢均能引起不良后果,因此很有必要规范患儿的输液滴速,提高小儿头皮静脉输液滴速的准确率[2-3]。戴明环法(PDCA循环法)由美国质量管理专家戴明博士在20世纪50年代首先提出,具有用大环相扣小环,呈螺旋式上升循环特性,体现质量管理活动的规律,是一个全面的质量管理所应该遵循的科学程序,即P(Pan)表示计划,D(Do)表示执行,C(check)表示检查,A(aciton)表示处理这四个步骤循环进行[4]。有研究表明[5],PDCA循环法理论能有效提高护理质量。为减少小儿头皮静脉输液滴速存在的缺陷问题,提高输液滴速的准确率,本研究对2017年6~10月在我院进行头皮静脉输液治疗的140例患儿采用PDCA循环法对其输液滴速进行质量管理,并跟未运用PDCA循环法管理的2017年1~5月在我院进行头皮静脉输液治疗的120例患儿的输液滴速准确率进行对比,观察其管理效果,现将结果报道如下。……

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