黄志甲 刘精晶 张恒 董亚萌 鲁月红

摘要：对徽州地区两栋典型民居冬季室内温度、湿度进行连续测试，通过对比徽州传统民居与現代民居室内热湿条件，考察了不同功能区域室内湿环境及热舒适性。结果表明，传统民居冬季室内处于潮湿及非常潮湿等级，相对湿度值高于现代民居，但传统民居室内湿度日较差小于现代民居，室内湿环境稳定性良好；传统民居与现代民居室内外含湿量相关性系数均高于0.8，室内湿环境对室外湿环境响应明显；在自然通风条件下，传统民居厅堂、厢房热舒适时间段占比分别为736%、8.77%，冬季室内热舒适性差，建议采用局部采暖设施。

关键词：徽州传统民居；室内湿环境；冬季；自然通风；热舒适

中图分类号：TU111.3 文献标志码：A文章编号：16744764（2018）02010907

收稿日期：20170520

基金项目：国家自然科学基金（51478001）

作者简介：黄志甲（1963），男，教授，博士，主要从事建筑节能和绿色建筑研究，Email：hzj@ahut.edu.cn。

Received：20170520

Foundation item：National Natural Science Foundation of China （No.51478001）

Author brief：Huang Zhijia （1963）， professor， PhD， main research interests： building energy efficiency， heat & mass transfer， Email：hzj@ahut.edu.cn.Indoor humidity environment of Huizhou vernacular dwellings in winter

Huang Zhijia， Liu Jingjing， Zhang Heng， Dong Yameng， Lu Yuehong

（ School of Civil Engineering and Architecture， Anhui University of Technology， Maanshan 243002， Anhui， P.R.China）

Abstract：Temperature and humidity were measured in two typical Huizhou dwellings in winter in order to compare the indoor thermal and humidity conditions in the Huizhou traditional vernacular dwelling with that in the modern dwelling. The indoor humidity environment and thermal comfort in different zones were also studied. The research results show that the level of the humidity environment is at ‘wet and ‘very wet in the Huizhou traditional vernacular dwelling in which the relative humidity is higher than that in the modern dwelling. The daily amplitude of humidity is smaller in the traditional vernacular dwelling than that in the modern dwelling， which is considered that the indoor humidity environment is stable well. There is a strong correlation between the outdoor humidity ratio and the indoor humidity ratio with a correlation coefficient over 0.8 both in the traditional vernacular dwelling and the modern dwelling. However， only 7.36% time in the hall and 8.77% time in the wingroom are comfortable with natural ventilation in the traditional vernacular dwelling， that means that the thermal comfort is unsatisfied. To improve the indoor thermal comfort， it is supposed to apply local heating equipment.

Keywords：Huizhou traditional vernacular dwelling； indoor humidity environment； winter； natural ventilation； thermal comfort

空气温度、湿度是室内物理环境两个重要参数。室内空气温度与人体热舒适以及建筑能耗等息息相关，学者们已经对室内热物理环境的研究做了大量工作。Yoshino等[12]对中国住宅建筑室内热环境进行了大规模调查，旨在预测室内温度对热舒适以及供暖/空调能耗的影响。Han等[3]通过对热湿地区住宅居民热舒适调查，旨在得出当地居民热中性温度，为南方地区低能耗系统设计提供理论依据。李峥嵘等[45]通过研究发现，浙江中部传统民居的建筑选址、朝向、室内空间布局以及建筑开口设计均有良好的气候适应性，且“过渡空间”及轻质围护结构的均有较好的隔热效果，营造良好的室内热环境。……