挥发性有机物(VOCs)污染空气的防治技术分析
2018-05-10吴国平王伟州
吴国平 王伟州
摘要:挥发性有机物是一种有机污染物,是造成大气污染的复合物质之一,同时对人体健康也会造成一定的危害。随着我国经济的发展,挥发性有机物排放量不断增加,引发的雾霾以及光化学烟雾等污染事件也日益严重。本文主要阐述了挥发性有机物的概念、分类以及污染来源,并对挥发性有机物的治理技术进行了详细阐述。结果表明,选用组合技术对于挥发性有机物进行治理能够实现达标排放,并且降低污染治理费用的目的,具有较好的治理效果。
关键词:挥发性有机物;空气污染;防治技术
中图分类号:X51 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-672X(2018)03-0046-01
DOI:10.16647/j.cnki.cn15-1369/X.2018.03.027
Abstract: Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are an organic pollutant and one of the complex substances that cause air pollution. At the same time, they can also cause some harm to human health. With the development of economy, the emission of volatile organic compounds is on the increase. The pollution incidents such as smog and photochemical smog are more and more serious. This paper mainly expounds the concept, classification and source of the volatile organic compounds, elaborates on the technologies for the management of volatile organic compounds, and selects combinatorial technology for the purpose of emission-standard treatment of volatile organic compounds and reduces the pollution treatment costs, with Better governance effect.
Key words: Volatile organic compounds; Air pollution; Prevention and control technology
挥发性有机物是一种有机污染物的总称,对于人體健康有多方面的危害性,具体表现在以下几个方面:大部分的挥发性有机物均具有刺激性气味,这种气体对人体有致癌以及基因突变的作用;如果挥发性有机物浓度过高,人会出现眩晕和恶心等情况,重者会危及生命安全;有些挥发性有机物还会引起火灾。由此可见挥发性有机物对人体和整个生态环境危害巨大,必须进行科学的防治[1]。
1 挥发性有机物的来源
(1)大气污染的来源。大气中挥发性有机物污染的来源主要包括室内和室外两个方面,室外的挥发性有机物主要来源于在工业当中生产(比如在化工冶炼以及表面涂装和电子产业中)、化学燃料的燃烧以及交通工具产生的尾气等;室内污染来源主要来自于煤和天然气的燃烧产物以及建筑材料的挥发性物质等等[2]。……
