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水库滑坡机理分析与防治对策

2018-05-08孙灿

科技创新与应用 2018年12期

孙灿

摘 要:在国民经济的发展进程中,兴建了大量的水库,它们不仅可以起到防洪度汛的作用,还可以蓄水灌溉,为周边的民众提供安全可靠的饮用水,显著提高了水利资源的利用率。但是水库由于其长时间处在水环境中,受到很多自然因素的影响,在建设以及使用当中存在一定的安全风险,尤其是滑坡现象,它一方面会影响到水库整体的质量安全,甚至引发溃坝事故,另一方面也威胁着水库周边百姓的生命财产安全。因此,针对诱发水库滑坡的原因采取相应的防治对策是当前水库建设中的重要任务。文章主要对水库滑坡机理展开深入分析,并提出一定的防治措施,为消除水库滑坡隐患提供借鉴。

关键词:水库滑坡;滑坡机理;防治措施

中图分类号:TV697.3 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2018)12-0133-02

Abstract: In the course of the development of national economy, a large number of reservoirs have been built, which can not only play the role of flood prevention and flood control, but also can store water for irrigation, provide safe and reliable drinking water for the people around, and significantly improve the utilization rate of water resources. However, because the reservoir is in the water environment for a long time and is affected by many natural factors, there are certain safety risks in the construction and use of the reservoir, especially the landslide phenomenon. On the one hand, it will affect the overall quality and safety of the reservoir., even trigger dam break accident. On the other hand, it also threatens the safety of people's lives and property around the reservoir. Therefore, it is an important task of reservoir construction to take corresponding prevention and cure measures against the causes of reservoir landslide. In this paper, the mechanism of reservoir landslide is deeply analyzed, and some preventive measures are put forward, which can be used for reference to eliminate the hidden danger of reservoir landslide.

Keywords: reservoir landslide; landslide mechanism; prevention measures

水库是一个复杂的水利工程,其滑坡现象也有很多种类,如库岸滑坡、土石坝滑坡等,不同的滑坡其产生原因也有一定的差异。因此,在对水库滑坡进行机理分析时要先划分滑坡的类别,针对不同的滑坡机理采用不同的防治措施,确保水库滑坡得到正确有效的处理,避免滑坡危害的进一步扩大。水库滑坡的防治不仅有利于保障水库的质量安全,延长其使用周期,还可以实现经济效益与社会效益的共赢。

1 水库滑坡的危害性

因为水库工程要承担蓄水的功能,所以其建造地点往往集中在高山峡谷中。如果出现库岸滑坡,首先大量岸边的岩土会滑入水库的水中,这会严重占据水库的库容,造成水位上涨,从而威胁到水库大坝的安全,而且岩土中所含的部分物质甚至会污染水体。……

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