兰岚 张钦凯

摘 要：开展技术创新是破解企业经营困境和支撑企业发展的重要途径，文章主要从技术创新的角度分析当前环境压力下，企业推行节能减排技术的主要动机。在回顾技术创新相关理论的基础上，对技术创新与节能减排的关系进行梳理，基于目前广东省工业企业节能减排现状及存在的问题，识别出4项节能减排技术创新的共性驱动因素：结构优化、激励约束、市场环境以及社会责任，并找出内在驱动机理，分析其对节能减排技术创新路径的驱动作用，进一步探讨工业企业节能减排技术创新驱动因素的演化特征。

关键词：节能减排；驱动因素；技术创新

中图分类号：S210.4 文献标志码：A 文章编号：2095-2945（2018）12-0035-03

Abstract： Technological innovation is an important way to solve the business dilemma and support the development of enterprises. This paper mainly analyzes the main motivation for enterprises to implement energy saving and emission reduction technology under the current environmental pressure from the point of view of technological innovation. On the basis of reviewing the relevant theories of technological innovation， this paper sorts out the relationship between technological innovation and energy saving and emission reduction technology， and based on the current situation and problems of energy saving and emission reduction in industrial enterprises in Guangdong Province， identifies four common driving factors of technology innovation in energy saving and emission reduction： structural optimization， incentive constraints， market environment and social responsibility； thus， it finds out the internal driving mechanism， analyzes its driving effect on the technological innovation path of energy saving and emission reduction， and further explores the evolution characteristics of the driving factors of energy saving and emission reduction technology innovation in industrial enterprises.

Keywords： energy saving and emission reduction； driving factors； technological innovation

隨着经济快速增长、消费结构持续升级，资源过度消耗、环境问题日益突出，广东省“十二五”期间单位GDP能耗降幅20.98%、单位工业增加值能耗下降34.9%，均超额完成“十二五”时期制订的节能目标任务，主要污染物中化学需氧量、二氧化硫、氮氧化物、氨氮排放量降幅也均超额完成减排目标任务[1]，为经济结构调整、应对全球气候变化、环境改善等方面作出了重要贡献。但是，能源资源环境问题仍是制约广东省经济社会发展的瓶颈之一，节能减排依然任务艰巨、形势严峻，“十三五”期间，广东省下达的节能减排任务是万元GDP能耗下降17%，化学需氧量、二氧化硫、氮氧化物、氨氮、挥发性有机物排放总量分别下降10.4%、3.0%、3.0%、11.3%、18.0%[2]。

1 广东省工业企业节能减排现状

1.1 广东省工业企业总能耗占比仍较大