陈慧敏 周爱光 王然 叶松东 蒋云芸 王亚坤 蔡昊

摘 要：对沈阳市滑冰协会拥有的结构型社会资本、关系型社会资本和认知型社会资本存量以及社会资本的培育与运作方式予以分析。研究结果表明：沈阳市滑冰协会认知型社会资本不高、结构型社会资本和关系型社会资本总体尚可，但分布不均衡，与企业方面的关系网络节点社会资本基本缺失，协会拥有的主要是同质性较高的强关系社会资本，异质性弱关系社会网络资源匮乏，欠缺关键性结构型社会资本；沈阳市滑冰协会社会资本的培育途径主要有先赋关系网络的承袭、角色套系、关系网络的扩展等。先赋关系网络的承袭是协会的优势资源，但开发利用程度不够，某些存量社会资本仍处于潜在状态。虽然在角色套系、关系网络的扩展方面有一定作为，但尚存极大拓展空间。

关 键 词：体育管理；体育社团；政社合作型；社会资本；沈阳市滑冰协会

中图分类号：G80-05 文献标志码：A 文章编号：1006-7116（2018）02-0045-05

A study of the social capital of “government and society cooperation type” sports associations in the transformation period

——Taking Shenyang Skating Association for example

CHEN Hui-min，ZHOU Ai-guang，WANG Ran，YE Song-dong，JIANG Yun-yun，WANG Ya-kun，CAI Hao

（School of Physical Education，South China Normal University，Guangzhou 510006，China）

Abstract： The authors analyzed the stock of structure type social capital， relationship type social capital and cognition type social capital owned by Shenyang Skating Association （SSA） as well as its ways of cultivation and operation of social capital， and revealed the following findings： SSAs cognition type social capital is not high， its structure type so-cial capital and relationship type social capital are fair overall， but their distribution is unbalanced， its enterprise relationship network node type social capital is basically missing， what SSA has is mainly highly homogenous strong relationship type social capital， it is lacking in heterogeneous week relationship type social network resources， short of critical structure type social capital； SSAs ways of social capital cultivation mainly include ascribed relationship network inheritance， role combination， relationship network expansion etc. Ascribed relationship network inheritance is SSAs advantageous resource， but not sufficiently developed and utilized， some of its stocked social capital is still in a potential state. Although SSA has made some achievements in role combination and relationship network expansion， but it still has a huge space for expansion.

Key words： sports management；sports association；government and society cooperation type；social capital；Shenyang Skating Association

體育社团是公民自愿组成，自主管理，为实现会员共同意愿，按照其章程以体育运动（活动）为目的的非营利性社会组织[1]。体育社团社会资本是指体育社团通过培育所获取的，以建立在信任、规范、认知基础上的社会关系网络为表现形式的资源，包括结构型社会资本、关系型社会资本、认知型社会资本[2]42。由于社会资本能够为社团发展提供必要的经济支持、树立公信力、获得有效信息[2]41，因而成为社团发展的重要支撑，受到社会重视和关注。……