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适用于新能源并网的CVT谐波测量装置研究

2018-04-13宋雪莹谭忠富

现代电子技术 2018年8期

宋雪莹 谭忠富

摘 要: 随着风电和光伏发电系统的并网等级不断升高,在接入系统高压侧时不可避免地引入谐波。针对电容式电压互感器(CVT)应用于高压侧谐波测量的实际需求,这里通过对适用于CVT谐波测量方法进行理论分析,并设计分析相应的CVT谐波测量装置验证方法的可行性。在CVT的分压电容和中间变压器的接地支路分别接入高精密钳型电流互感器,在得出电流参数值基础上,根据基尔霍夫定律推导得出CVT一次侧谐波电压参数。计算结果可经以太网或USB 2.0接口实现数据上传。设计CVT谐波分析软件完成数据导出、显示以及存盘等操作。试验结果证明了所采用方法的正确性、设计方案的可行性以及CVT谐波测量装置的有效性。

关键词: CVT; LabVIEW; 谐波测量; 相量拟合; 谐波数据采集; DSP; 并网

中图分类号: TN245?34 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2018)08?0116?05

Abstract: As the grid connection level of wind power and photovoltaic power generation systems increases constantly, harmonics are inevitably introduced into the high voltage side of the access system. In allusion to the practical requirement of applying the capacitor voltage transformer (CVT) to harmonic measurement in the high voltage side, theoretical analysis of method suitable for CVT harmonic measurement is performed, and the feasibility of the verification method for CVT harmonic measurement device is analyzed. The voltage?dividing capacitor of CVT and the grounding branch circuit of intermediate transformer are respectively connected to the high?precision pincer?shape current transformer. On the basis of obtaining current parameters, the CVT harmonic voltage parameters on primary side are obtained according to the derivation with Kirchhoff law. The calculation results can be uploaded via Ethernet or USB 2.0 interface. The CVT harmonic analysis software was designed to complete the operations such as data export, display and saving. The test results proved the correctness of the method adopted in this paper, the feasibility of the design scheme and the effectiveness of the CVT harmonic measurement device.

Keywords: CVT; LabVIEW; harmonic measurement; phasor fitting; harmonic data acquisition; DSP; grid connection

0 引 言

近年來随着风电和光伏发电不断普及,其并网电压等级也随之不断升高。风能和太阳能作为新能源并入电网过程中由于其中含有大量逆变整流设备,因此不可避免地在并网点高压侧引入谐波[1]。而目前国内外在110 kV及以上电力系统中作为二次侧采样、测量和保护设备的互感器主要以CVT为主。该设备主要由分压电容单元和类似于电磁式电压互感器单元(Potential Transformer,PT)组成,与传统PT相比整套装置体积小、绝缘性能好、价格相对便宜,但是考虑到CVT的宽频传输特性,其在谐波分析方面远逊于传统PT测量,同时在国家标准GB/T 14549—1993《电能质量公用电网谐波》中规定:“电容式电压互感器不能用于谐波测量。……

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