针对有限TCAM的SDN网络灵活局部路由故障恢复
2018-04-13孙宇梁毅娟
孙宇 梁毅娟
摘 要: 在软件定义网络中,使用大量的备份路径的转发规则会频繁地在交换机上进行数据流驱动,会增加带宽需求和处理延迟。对此,开发一组问题优化模型,可最小化备份路径所需的额外规则和带宽数量。由于该问题的计算复杂性,设计两个启发式算法计算备份路径:前向局部路由(FLR)和后向局部路由(BLR),从而提高TCAM和带宽的使用效率,并基于网络状态采用FLR和BLR设计了灵活自适应故障恢复框架。最后,通过在Internet 2网络拓扑上的仿真实验,显示所提算法在故障数据的抑制上要优于选取的对比算法,验证了算法性能优势。
关键词: 软件定义网络; 局部路由; 内容寻址存储器; 交换机; 备份路径; 故障恢复
中图分类号: TN711?34; TP391 文献标识码: A 文章编号: 1004?373X(2018)08?0013?04
Abstract: In software defined networks (SDNs), the forwarding rule involving a large number of backup paths frequently drives data flow over a switch, which may increase the bandwidth requirement and result in processing delay. Therefore, a set of problem optimization models are developed to minimize the amount of extra rules and bandwidth required for backup paths. Two heuristic algorithms of forward local routing (FLR) and back local routing (BLR) are designed due to the computational complexity of the problem to compute backup paths so that the service efficiency of TCAM and bandwidth can be improved. A flexible adaptive fault recovery framework was designed based on network status by means of FLR and BLR. The simulation experiment on the Internet 2 network topology was carried out. The results show that the proposed algorithm outperforms the selected contrast algorithm in fault data suppression, and the performance advantage of the algorithm is verified.
Keywords: SDN; local routing; content addressable memory; switch; backup path; fault recovery
0 引 言
在传统网络中,交换机执行路由决策(控制功能)和数据转发(数据功能)。因其不支持可编程性,导致使用中存在等效网络带宽过度配置问题[1?2]。软件定义网络(SDN)已成为一种很有前途的网络范式,它将控制功能和数据功能分离开来,从而使得交换机具有可编程性,网络虚拟化成为可能。
为了进行路由决策,SDN依赖于在交换机中安装的转发规则。当数据流包到达时,如果交换机没有在其流程表中找到该数据流的任何规则,它将与控制器联系。大型网络如云数据中心网络的活跃数据流的数量可达到每服务器每秒10 000数据流,开关TCAM的大小无法与之相适应[3?4]。因此,提高TCAM的效率,即盡可能减少所需的TCAM数量,对于交通工程、故障管理、网络安全等非常重要。……
