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吸湿性多孔材料介电特性表征

2018-03-30刘兴鹏严丹丹

科技创新与应用 2018年9期

刘兴鹏 严丹丹

摘 要:微波加热干燥吸湿性多孔材料相比于传统干燥方法大大缩短了干燥时间。然而,微波干燥过程中出现的加热不均匀等问题严重限制了微波加热干燥吸湿性多孔材料应用的发展。上述问题主要是由于微波干燥过程中吸湿性多孔材料的介电特性的精确描述缺少可以实际应用的理论。文章在总结多孔材料介电特性描述理论的基础上,综合考虑吸湿性多孔材料内部微观结构,并把多孔材料中不同类型的水和颗粒形状与吸湿性多孔材料介电特性联系起来,提出适应于微波加热干燥吸湿性多孔材料多物理场计算的材料介电特性表征理论。

关键词:微波干燥;多孔材料;介电特性

中图分类号:TB383 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2018)09-0010-03

Abstract: Compared with the traditional drying method, microwave heating can greatly shorten the drying time of porous materials. However, the problems of uneven heating during microwave drying seriously limit the development of microwave heating for the application of hygroscopic porous materials. The above problems are mainly due to the lack of practical theory for the accurate description of the dielectric properties of hygroscopic porous materials during microwave drying. On the basis of summarizing the theory of describing the dielectric properties of porous materials, the microstructure of hygroscopic porous materials is considered comprehensively in this paper. Different types of water and particle shapes in porous materials are associated with the dielectric properties of hygroscopic porous materials. A theory of characterization of dielectric properties of porous materials by microwave heating is presented, which is suitable for multi-physical field calculation.

Keywords: microwave drying; porous materials; dielectric properties

1 概述

多孔材料是指多孔固體骨架组成的孔隙空间中充满单相或者多相介质,是组成地球生物圈的基础物质。多孔材料孔隙空间中存在的介质可以是气体、液体或者气液混合体,具有较大的表面积特点[1]。通常,多孔材料对于气体或是液体均具有较好的吸附效果,而对于液体吸附性较好的多孔材料称为吸湿性多孔材料。废水处理过程中所产生的剩余污泥是比较典型的吸湿性多孔材料。随着我国对于环保的重视程度不断加大,剩余污泥的处置变得越来越重要,而污泥的脱水是污泥经济处理的前提。因此,研究吸湿性多孔材料的脱水过程,对于剩余污泥的处置有非常大的借鉴意义。……

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