陈志宇, 张玉玲, 司超群, 初文磊, 陈在星, 冯凯婕

(吉林大学 环境与资源学院, 水资源与环境研究所, 长春 130021)

1 实 验

1.1 仪器、 材料和试剂 722型紫外可见光分光光度计(上海洪纪仪器设备有限公司)； SPX-250-D型全温振荡培养箱(上海博迅实业有限公司). 火山渣采自东北地区某厂火山岩矿区, 经自然风干、 去杂质后, 过0.5～2 mm筛备用. 所用Na2SO4,CaCl2,MgCl2,NaCl,NaNO3,HCl,NaOH等无机试剂均为国产分析纯试剂.

1.4 影响因素实验

2 结果与讨论

图1 吸附量与时间的关系Fig.1 Relationship between adsorption amount and time

对吸附过程进行上述两种吸附动力学方程拟合, 结果如图2所示. 由图2可见, 准二级拟合方程R2=0.987 5, 拟合效果更好, 吸附过程符合准二级动力学模型. 表明吸附过程受化学吸附机理控制, 涉及吸附剂与吸附质之间的电子共用或电子转移.

图2 吸附动力学的拟合结果Fig.2 Fitting results of adsorption kinetics

图3 不同初始质量浓度吸附量与时间的关系Fig.3 Relationship between adsorption amount and time of different initial mass concentrations

图4 pH值与吸附量的关系Fig.4 Relationship between pH and adsorption amount

图5 不同水化学离子对火山渣吸附的影响Fig.5 Effects of different hydrochemical ions on adsorption of S by scoria

综上, 本文可得如下结论：

3) 火山渣可有效去除低温水体中的硫酸盐, 是经济、 有效、 生态安全型的天然硅酸盐矿物材料.

[1] 世界卫生组织. 饮用水水质准则 [M]. 4版. 上海： 上海交通大学出版社, 2011： 171. (World Health Organization. Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality [M]. 4th ed. Shanghai: Shanghai Jiaotong University Press, 2011: 171.)

[2] 中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局. 地下水质量标准GB/T14848-93 [S]. 北京： 中国标准出版社, 1993. (General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People’s Republic of China. Quality Standard for Ground Water GB/T14848-93 [S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 1993.)

[3] 中华人民共和国卫生部. 生活饮用水卫生标准GB5749-2006 [S]. 北京： 中国标准出版社, 2006. (National Health Commission of the People’s Republic of China. Standards for Drinking Water Quality GB5749-2006 [S]. Beijing: Standards Press of China, 2006.)

[4] 胡明成. 硫酸盐的环境危害及含硫酸盐废水处理技术 [J]. 成都大学学报(自然科学版), 2012, 31(2): 181-184. (HU Mingcheng. Environmental Hazards by Sulfate and Treatment Method of Waste Water Containing Sulfate [J]. Journal of Chengdu University (Natural Science Edition), 2012, 31(2): 181-184.)

[5] 曹晓磊, 盛宇星. 生物法处理含硫酸盐重金属废水的研究进展 [J]. 环境科学与技术, 2015, 38(12Q): 181-185. (CAO Xiaolei, SHENG Yuxing. Recent Advances in Research of Treating Sulfate, Heavy Metals-Containing Wastewater by Anaerobic Bio-treatment Method [J]. Environment Science & Technology, 2015, 38(12Q): 181-185.)

[8] 姜艳. 高硫酸盐矿井水处理研究 [J]. 环境工程, 2011, 29: 111-113. (JIANG Yan. Study on the Disposal of Higher Sulfate Mineral Water [J]. Environmental Engineering, 2011, 29: 111-113.)

[9] 王爱杰, 王丽燕, 任南琪, 等. 硫酸盐废水生物处理工艺研究进展 [J]. 哈尔滨工业大学学报, 2004, 36(11)： 1446-1449. (WANG Aijie, WANG Liyan, REN Nanqi, et al. Bio-treatment of Sulfate-Laden Wastewater [J]. Journal of Harbin Institute Technology, 2004, 36(11)： 1446-1449.)

[10] 高娃, 董欣, 郑永章. 内蒙古锡盟地区火山渣及火山渣混凝土材料的性能初报 [J]. 河北科技师范学院学报, 2007, 21(4): 46-49. (GAO Wa, DONG Xin, ZHENG Yongzhang. An Experimental Study on the Properties of Trass and Trass Concrete in Ximeng Area of Inner Mongolia [J]. Journal of Hebei Normal University of Science & Technology, 2007, 21(4): 46-49.)

[11] 杨福珍, 黄清友, 张建栋. 火山渣在路基工程中的应用 [J]. 内蒙古公路与运输, 2006(4)： 24-27. (YANG Fuzhen, HUANG Qingyou, ZHANG Jiandong. Application of Volcanic Scoria to the Subgrade Engineering [J]. Highways & Transportation in Inner Mongolia, 2006(4)： 24-27.)

[12] ZHANG Shengyu, ZHANG Yuling, SU Xiaosi, et al.InsituRemediation of Petroleum Contaminated Groundwater by Permeable Reactive Barrier with Hydrothermal Palygorskite as Medium [J]. Chemical Research in Chinese Universities, 2013, 29(1)： 37-41.

[13] ZHANG Yuling, DONG Tianzi, SU Xiaosi, et al. Effect of High Fluoride Groundwater Purification by Lightweight Aggregate Scoria [J]. Environmental Earth Sciences, 2016, 75(1): 10.

[14] ZHANG Shengyu, LU Ying, LIN Xueyu, et al. Removal of Fluoride from Groundwater by Adsorption onto La(Ⅲ)- Al(Ⅲ) Loaded Scoria Adsorbent [J]. Applied Surface Science, 2014, 303: 1-5.