贺莉芳+殷瑜霞+郑明辉

摘要：对野木瓜（Stauntonia chinensis）提取物作用于家蝇（Musca domestica）不同发育阶段进行试验。结果表明，各代次试验组家蝇幼虫体重较对照组减轻，总化蛹率、累计化蛹率都比对照组低，各代次试验组的化蛹时间较对照组的延迟，且持续时间延长。饲养至第四代及以后，蛹期3 d各试验组出现畸形蛹和小蛹；总羽化率及累计羽化率均较对照组低，羽化期均较对照组延长，小蛹羽化率极低，畸形蛹未见羽化。

关键词：野木瓜（Stauntonia chinensis）；提取物；家蝇（Musca domestica）；生长发育

中图分类号：R384.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2018）02-0064-03

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2018.02.016

Abstract： The effects of extracts from Stauntonia chinensis on the growth and development of Musca domestica at different development stages were tested. The results showed that weight of each generation in the experimental group was lighter than that of control group. The total pupa rate of each generation in experimental group lower than the control group. And duration of pupation appeared an increasingly delaying trend in the experimental group than the control group. When raised the fourth generation， abnormal pupa and individual small pupa were appeared in the experimental group. And the total eclosion rate of each generation in the experimental group were lower than that of control group. And abnormal pupa could not emerge eclosion at all and lowest eclosion rate emerged among individual small pupa.

Key words： Stauntonia chinensis； extract； Musca domestica； growth and development

正安野木瓜（Stauntonia chinensis）屬蔷薇科贴梗海棠灌木丛植物，是贵州省遵义市正安县特色的天然特产资源[1]。野木瓜中除具有丰富的有机酸、蛋白质、多种维生素以及矿物质外，还有超氧化物歧化酶、多糖、黄酮、皂苷等成分[2，3]。其化学成分较多，主要有去甲五环三萜皂苷类化合物、木脂素苷类化合物、黄酮类和酚性成分等。某些植物源驱避剂其化学成分多为萜、烯、酯、醇、酮类等化合物，对鳞翅目、鞘翅目、双翅目、同翅目、半翅目、蜱螨目的多种害虫有效。

观察发现泡菜坛上封口的隔水中放有野木瓜的，水中无蛆虫生长，而不含野木瓜的水中有大量的蛆虫出现。推测野木瓜对家蝇可能有驱避作用或杀伤作用。因此，本研究拟将正安野木瓜的粗取物作用于家蝇，观察粗提物对不同发育阶段家蝇的影响，以便初步探索野木瓜对家蝇的防治作用。

1 材料与方法

1.1 材料

野木瓜从贵州省遵义市正安县天楼山野木瓜有限公司购买。……