城市建筑物联合能源系统
2018-02-03李波郭林
李波 郭林
摘要:建筑物能源系统的传统设计一般是采用单一技术及单一设备满足设计条件下的运行工况。而每一种技术都有其各自的优点与不足。联合能源系统将整体负荷细分为基础负荷、调节负荷及尖峰负荷,根据可用能源种类及负荷特点,采用联合能源系统理念,通盘考虑投资、运营、服务、节能减排等因素,将多种技术与设备集成为一个系统,各种技术“扬长避短”,能够以不高于传统能源系统投资的同时达到长期节能效果及取得良好的社会经济效益。
关键词:城市能源;联合能源系统;能源互联网;节能减排
中图分类号:X24 文献标识码:A 文章编号:2095-672X(2018)01-0249-02
DOI:10.16647/j.cnki.cn15-1369/X.2018.01.144
Urban building integrated energy system
Li Bo,Guo Lin
(Beijing Constant Active Environmental System Equipment Installation Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100089,China)
Abstract:The traditional design of building energy system generally adopts a single technology and a single device to meet the operating conditions under the design conditions.Each technology has its own advantages and disadvantages.The United Energy System subdivides the overall load into basic load,regulation load and peak load. Based on the available energy types and load characteristics, the United Power System adopts the concept of a joint energy system and takes all factors such as investment, operation,service and energy conservation and emission reduction into consideration.Various technologies Integration with equipment as a system, a variety of technologies “to avoid weaknesses” to not higher than the traditional energy system investment at the same time achieve long-term energy-saving effect and achieve good social and economic benefits.
Keywords:City energy;United energy system;Energy internet;Energy saving and emission reduction
數据显示[1],2014年,全国建筑能耗约8.14亿吨标准煤,占全国能源消费总量的19.12%。城市建筑群全年日常运行中需要消耗大量的低品质热能,用于制冷、供暖、热水,蒸汽等需求,这类能耗约占建筑能耗的80%[2] 。夏季空调集中使用时,京、津、沪等超大城市空调负荷占到城市尖峰负荷的40 %左右。严寒地区有的城市,建筑能耗竟占到本城市总能耗的一半左右 [3],这一比例随着城市化进程还会进一步增加。
由于终端用能形式为低品质热能,不能直接依靠外部输入,只能在城市范围内建立分散的能源系统就地生产,包含原始能源输入、能量转化、输送、分配和按需使用的一系列过程。
我国长期注重能源供应,忽略用能的管理;注重单项技术的应用,忽略用能产业链的整合。城市集中供热、区域供热、大型中央空调等系统都互不相关的独立发展,虽然在各领域都取得了一定进步,但城市级能源使用侧的总体研究、规划、布局、建设、运行基本还没有起步。……
