教育是如何帮助脱贫的?
2018-01-31柳建平刘卫兵
柳建平+刘卫兵
摘 要:(中)摘要根据甘肃14个贫困村的调查数据,应用多分类Logistic模型和二元Logistic模型分析方法,考察了劳动者受教育程度对其职业选择的影响及职业选择在教育影响贫困中的作用,回答了教育能够帮助脱贫的机理问题。实证发现,劳动者受教育水平的提高能够显著提高其从事非农职业及更高层次职业的选择机会,而不同职业选择在教育对贫困影响中的作用是有差异的,当劳动者接受相应教育后,职业选择由农业领域进入非农领域,而且随着就业层次的提高其脱贫效应愈加明显。针对当前农村贫困的特点及教育存在的主要问题,提出了教育精准扶贫的相关政策建议。
关键词:(中)关键词教育;职业选择;脱贫效应;精准扶贫
中图分类号:(中)中图分类号F323.6 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1000-4149(2018)01-0061-08
Abstract:(英)摘要According to the survey data of 14 poor villages in Gansu Province, the multiclass Logistic model and binary Logistic model analysis method were used to study the effect of the educational level on the individuals
career choice and the role of career choice in educations effect on the poverty, answered the question whether and how education help shaking off the poor. It is found that the education level can significantly improve the choice of nonagricultural occupation and the effect of career choices on the impact of education on poverty is different. When the laborers receive the corresponding education, choose to enter the field of nonagricultural areas from the agricultural sector, and with the employment level to improve its poverty effect becomes more obvious. Finally, the article puts forward the relevant policy suggestions for the education of poverty alleviation in view of the characteristics of current rural poverty and the main problems of education.
Keywords:(英)關键词education; career choice; the effect of out of poverty; precise poverty alleviation
一、引言
经过30多年的经济社会发展与扶贫开发,中国的反贫困事业取得了举世瞩目的成就,农村贫困人口规模和贫困程度大幅下降,贫困性质和特点也发生了重大变化,贫困分布由区域性、整体性贫困向个体性贫困转变[1]。分析农村人口及家庭个体性贫困因素是实现脱贫的重要前提,也是当前精准扶贫的重要突破口。教育作为个人和家庭发展能力的重要因素,其与贫困的关系一直受到学术界的广泛关注。那么,教育如何影响反贫困?其影响机理是什么?这不仅是一个理论问题,更是一个需要实践验证的问题,正确理解和把握教育对反贫困的机理和重要作用,对西部贫困地区的农村教育发展、脱贫攻坚及小康社会的全面实现均具有关键性意义。……
