张晓慧

【摘要】 目的 分析乌拉地尔和尼卡地平治疗老年高血压急症的临床疗效。方法 64例老年高血压急症患者作为研究对象， 随机分为观察组与对照组， 每组32例。对照组采用尼卡地平治疗， 观察组采用乌拉地尔治疗， 比较两组降压效果及安全性。结果 两组治疗前、用药后2 h及离院时舒张压、收缩压组间比较差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）；用药30、60 min时， 观察组舒张压、收缩压均明显低于对照组， 差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05）。对照组出现4例不良反应， 其中头晕2例、口干面红2例， 不良反应发生率为12.5%；观察组出现2例不良反应， 均为口干面红， 不良反应发生率为6.3%；两组患者不良反应发生率比较差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.736， P=0.391>0.05）。结论 乌拉地尔和尼卡地平对老年高血压急症的降压效果相当， 其中乌拉地尔降压速度快， 两种药物均有良好安全性。

【关键词】 老年高血压急症；乌拉地尔；尼卡地平；不良反应

DOI：10.14163/j.cnki.11-5547/r.2018.02.044

Clinical analysis of urapidil and nicardipine in the treatment of elderly hypertensive emergencies ZHANG Xiao-hui. Department of Integrated Geriatrics， Jilin Qianwei Hospital， Changchun 130012， China

【Abstract】 Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of urapidil and nicardipine in the treatment of elderly hypertensive emergencies. Methods A total of 64 elderly patients with hypertensive emergencies as study subjects were randomly divided into observation group and control group， with 32 cases in each group. The control group received nicardipine for treatment， and the observation group received urapidil for treatment. Comparison were made on antihypertensive effect and safety between two groups. Results Both groups had no statistically significant difference in diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure before treatment， after

2 h of administration and at discharge （P>0.05）. After 30 and 60 min of administration， the observation group had obviously lower diastolic blood pressure and systolic blood pressure than the control group， and their difference was statistically significant （P<0.05）. The control group had 4 adverse reaction cases， including 2 dizziness cases and 2 dry mouth and redness face cases， with incidence of adverse reactions as 12.5%， while the observation group had 2 adverse reaction cases， and both were dry mouth and redness face cases， with incidence of adverse reactions as 6.3%. Both groups had no statistically significant difference in incidence of adverse reactions （χ2=0.736， P=0.391>0.05）. Conclusion Urapidil and nicardipine shows similar antihypertensive effects on elderly hypertensive emergencies， and urapidil has a faster antihypertensive effect. Both two drugs have good safety.

【Key words】 Elderly hypertensive emergencies； Urapidil； Nicardipine； Adverse reactions

高血壓急症指的是急性、严重性血压升高， 且伴随进行性或急性靶器官损害的疾病， 患者血压一般为180/120 mm Hg

（1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa）以上[1-3]。该病严重威胁患者身体健康， 若治疗不及时甚至可导致患者生命安全受到威胁。对于此类患者， 需结合并发症情况及降压迫切程度选取适当降压药物处理， 以便尽快缓解病情， 避免出现不可逆的靶器官受endprint

损[4， 5]。目前高血压急症的治疗药物种类较多， 选取何种药物展开治疗是临床关注的重点。为探讨有效用药方案， 本院将64例患者随机分组， 分别以乌拉地尔与尼卡地平展开治疗， 报告如下。

1 资料与方法

1. 1 一般资料 选取本院2015年5月～2017年3月收治的64例老年高血压急症患者， 收缩压高于180 mm Hg， 舒张压高于120 mm Hg， 并发靶器官损害（短暂性脑缺血、心功能不全）。取得患者知情同意后将之随机分为观察组与对照组， 每组32例。对照……