张浩+江奋霞

[摘要] 目的 探析该院癌痛患者麻醉性镇痛药物的使用情况，为临床合理用药提供可靠参考。方法 方便抽取该院各病区2015年10月—2017年4月份期间开具的麻醉药品处方120张，记录患者姓名、年龄、性别、诊断、药物名称、用法用量等，对各药物的处方用药情况、麻醉药品消耗量、DDDs及排序等进行回顾性分析。结果 纳入该次研究的麻醉药物一共有6种，分别为盐酸吗啡缓释片30 mg、盐酸吗啡片5 mg、盐酸吗啡注射液10 mg、盐酸羟考酮缓释片10 mg、盐酸羟考酮缓释片40 mg、芬太尼透皮贴剂4.2 mg。在120张处方中，盐酸吗啡缓释片30 mg的使用率37.50%、其次盐酸羟考酮缓释片10 mg，使用率26.67%，盐酸羟考酮缓释片40 mg，使用率20.83%。结论 该院癌痛患者麻醉性镇痛药物的使用情况基本规范，遵循了口服给药、按阶梯用药及个体化用药的原则，值得临床上进一步推广使用。

[关键词] 癌痛；麻醉性镇痛药；合理使用；盐酸吗啡缓释片；盐酸羟考酮

[中图分类号] R927 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1674-0742（2017）11（b）-0098-03

[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to study the use of narcotic analgesic drugs in cancer patients in this hospital and to provide reliable references for clinical rational drug use. Methods A total of 120 prescriptions of narcotic drugs issued during the period from October 2015 to April 2017 were convenient selected， and the patients name， age， gender， diagnosis， drug name， dosage， the prescription medication， analgesics drug consumption， DDDs and sorting were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 6 kinds of narcotic drugs included in this study， including morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets of 30 mg， morphine hydrochloride tablets of 5 mg， morphine hydrochloride injection of 10 mg， oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets of 10 mg， oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets of 40 mg， fentanyl transdermal patch of 4.2 mg. In 120 prescriptions， the use rate of morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets of 30 mg was 37.50%， followed by oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets of 10 mg， the use rate of 26.67%， oxycodone hydrochloride sustained-release tablets of 40 mg， the use rate of 20.83%. Conclusion Patients in this hospital with narcotic analgesic drugs comply with the basic norms， follow the oral administration， abiding by the ladder medication and the principle of individual medication， therefore it is worth to be further promoted in clinical practice.

[Key words] Cancer pain； Narcotic analgesics； Rational use； Morphine hydrochloride sustained-release tablets； Oxycodone hydrochloride

癌痛是癌症患者比较常见的症状一致，约50%～80%不等的癌症患者存在不同程度上的疼痛症状，处于晚期的癌症患者，其出现癌痛的几率可高达60%～90%[1]。如果得不到缓解，对患者自理能力、交往能力、日常活動及生活质量等造成严重影响。临床上合理使用麻醉性镇痛药物，不仅可缓解患者疼痛症状，还可以改善患者生活质量[2]。随着临床上“癌痛规范化治疗示范病房”活动的创建，进一步规范了癌痛诊疗行为，提高了对癌症患者癌痛规范化治疗水平，该文为贯……