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石河子市小区植物多样性分析

2018-01-22王静华蕾王海英弓中伟

现代农业科技 2017年24期
关键词:分类

王静华蕾+王海英+弓中伟

摘要 在大量实地调查及文献查阅的基础上,对石河子市 52个小区园林植物多样性特点进行了分析研究。结果表明,小区以10种苗木和8种宿根花卉为主,植物中主要为双子叶植物,兼有一定数量的草本植物。按植物分类方法小区主要树种11目13科16属18种,其中木本植物有8科12属13种(变种),乔木5种(变种、变型),灌木8种(变种、变型),草本植物5科4属5种。小区园林植物类型主要属于温带成分,亚热带分布类型也有一定数量,与该小区自然地理位置相一致。小区景观植物较为丰富但须加大藤本和草本植物所占的比例,均衡种植不同的生活型,以形成丰富多样的园林景观。

关键词 园林植物;植物多样性;分类;新疆石河子

中图分类号 S688 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-5739(2017)24-0140-02

Analysis on Plant Diversity in Communities of Shihezi City

WANG Jing HUA Lei WANG Hai-ying GONG Zhong-wei *

(Xinjiang Shihezi Vocational and Technical College,Shihezi Xinjiang 832000)

Abstract On the basis of a large number of field survey and literature review,the characteristics of garden plant diversity of 52 communities in Shihezi City were analyzed.The results showed that communities mainly had 10 species of nursery stock and 8 species of perennial root flowers,plants were mainly dicotyledons,which had a certain amount of herbs.According to the plant taxonomy,the main plants had 11 orders,13 families,16 genera and 18 species,including 8 families,12 genera and 13 species of woody plants(variation),trees 5 species(varieties and forms),shrub 8 species(varieties and forms),herb 5 families,4 genera and 5 species.Types of community garden plant mainly belonged to the temperate composition,subtropical distribution types also had a certain amount,consistent with the village natural geographical position.Residential area landscape plants were relatively rich but must increase the rate of the vine and herbaceous plants,balanced planting different life forms,so as to form a rich and varied landscape.

Key words landscape plant;plant diverity;classification;Shihezi Xinjiang

生物多樣性是地球生命经过几十亿年发展进化的结果,是人类赖以生存和持续发展的物质基础。它提供人类所有的食物和木材、纤维、油料、橡胶等重要的工业原料[1]。中医药绝大部分来自生物,截至目前,直接和间接用于医药的生物已超过3万种[2]。可以说,保护生物多样性就等于保护了人类生存和社会发展的基石,保护了人类文化多样性的基础,就是保护了人类自身。

园林地被植物资源调查研究是开展其他研究的基础。冯学华等[3]研究发现,南岭国家级自然保护区野生观赏植物资源丰富,有种,隶属于科属。刘金荣等[4]和陈雅君[5]分别对河西走廊和黑龙江省野生地被草坪植物资源进行了调查,提出了不同的开发对策和建议。……

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