大型火电用改良型9Cr1Mo铸钢补焊工艺
2018-01-18廖盈张俊龙陈晓宇
廖盈+张俊龙+陈晓宇



摘要: 大型9Cr1Mo铸钢件存在缩孔缩松等缺陷,需要进行补焊修复,在补焊时工艺处理不当,会再次形成危害性缺陷。为了消除铸件本身缺陷以及补焊后再次形成的缺陷,采用新的工艺进行补焊,结果表明,仔细清理缺陷和熔渣,待修复区域形状规则圆滑,严格控制预热及层间温度、首层及其它层补焊工艺参数,同时使用锤击松弛应力,并进行焊后热处理等措施可以很好消除改良型9Cr1Mo铸钢件的缺陷。
关键词: 9Cr1Mo铸钢; 补焊; 锤击
中图分类号: TG 455
Repair welding technology of modified 9Cr1Mo casting steel for large thermal power plant
Liao Ying1, Zhang Junlong1, Chen Xiaoyu2
(1.Hunan Special Equipment Inspection & Testing Research Institute, Changsha 410117, China;2. Harbin Welding Institute, Harbin 150028, China)
Abstract: Welding defects like shrinkage and cavity exist in large 9Cr1Mo steel casting, so repair welding is needed, improper repair welding process will lead to the formation of a dangerous defect again. In order to eliminate the casting defects and the defects induced by repairing, a new technology for repairing is adopted. Results show that the shape of the defect is regular and smooth, carefully clean up the defects and slag, strictly control preheating and interpass temperature, at the same time, using hammer for stress relaxation, strictly control the repair welding parameters of first layer and other layers, and in a timely manner with heat treatment after welding etc. can eliminate the defects effectively.
Key words: 9Cr1Mo casting steel; repair welding; hammering
0 前言
随着工业的迅速发展,电力需求不断增加,提高电站发电效率满足新增电力需求是煤电工业面对的主要挑战。新型耐热材料开发,特别是适用于高温压力结构的新型抗蠕变钢材(9Cr1Mo钢)的大规模应用,在提高电站的工作效率方面发挥重要作用。实践表明,改良型9Cr1Mo钢具有高的许用应力,高温持久强度,疲劳强度及热导率,并且具有良好的焊接性和抗氧化性,不仅可以应用于建造新一代电站动力设备,也适用于改造现役发电机组高温部件[1]。改良型9Cr1Mo铸钢已成功应用于电站设备中,例如汽轮机缸体,目前多数采用砂型铸造,分模成型的方法生产缸体,采用这种传统工艺所生产的大型铸件在铸造过程中容易产生不致密缺陷,因而需采用局部补焊的方法进行修复。针对大型改良型9Cr1Mo铸钢缸体的修复问题,通过采用焊条电弧焊,严格控制焊接工艺参数及焊缝金属纯净度,同时在焊接过程中采用锤击消应力的方法进行补焊,并在消氢处理冷却后进炉热处理,能够有效消除铸件缺陷,保证大型改良型9Cr1Mo铸钢缸体质量[2-3]。……