论中苏建交后苏联对华工作重心的转移
2018-01-13丁灵芝
丁灵芝
关键词:中苏建交;北洋政府;国民革命运动;共产国际;冯玉祥;广州革命政府;东方战略
摘要:1924年中苏建交后,苏联对华工作重心逐渐发生转移。苏联在与北洋政府仅仅维持着形式上外交关系的同时,开始大力支持南方革命政府,并把援助冯玉祥国民军作为对华工作的新重点。苏联对华工作重心的转移,既符合苏联远东战略利益又能推动世界革命,是苏联对华政策和共产国际东方战略在中国逐步实施的结果。
中图分类号:D829
文献标志码:A文章编号:1009-4474(2017)06-0018-07
The Shift of Work Focus of the Soviet Union on China after the Establishment of
SinoSoviet Diplomatic Relations
DING Lingzhi
(Tianfu College of Southwest University of Finance and Economics,Mianyang 621000,China)
Key words: establishment of SinoSoviet diplomatic relations;Beiyang Government;the National Revolutionary Movement; the Communist International; Feng Yuxiang;Guangzhou Revolutionary Government; oriental strategy
Abstract: After the establishment of SinoSoviet diplomatic relations in 1924, the focus of Soviet Unions work on China gradually shifted. They only maintained a formal diplomatic relations with Beiyang Government, and gave strongly support to the National Revolutionary Government in the south, and started a new focus on the assistance to Feng Yuxiang and his Guominjun in China. The shift of work focus of the Soviet Union on China after the establishment of the SinoSoviet diplomatic relations was basically guided by the Soviet Unions general policy toward China. This shift was not only out of their need in the Far East, but also the effect of the oriental strategy implementation of the Communist International in China.
1924年中蘇两国正式建交后,苏联和共产国际开始大力支持中国的国民革命运动,而与当时中国的中央政权仅仅维持着形式上的外交关系,致使解决两国间历史悬案的中苏会议流产。苏联在积极支持中国南方国民革命政权的同时,又把援助冯玉祥国民军作为对华工作的新重点。梳理这一时期苏联、共产国际对中国各军事、政治集团和重要人物的态度和策略,研究中苏建交后苏联对华工作重心的变化脉络,分析其缘由,对于全面把握在共产国际东方战略背景下的苏联对华政策,具有重要的意义。
一、中苏会议流产,苏联与北洋政府维持着形式上的外交关系
1924年5月31日,苏联与当时中国的北洋政府签订《中俄解决悬案大纲协定》(以下简称《中苏协定》),中苏两国正式建立了外交关系。根据《中苏协定》第2、3条规定:“两缔约国政府,允于本协定签字之后一个月内举行会议,按照后例各条之规定,商订一切悬案之详细办法,予以施行。……
