郑宋宋 徐亚青 陈竹君

[摘要] 目的 探討情景模拟健康教育法对2型糖尿病患者改善血糖及提高自我护理能力的效果。 方法 选取2016年1月～2017年1月在我院内分泌科接受治疗的2型糖尿病患者95例，采用数字随机法将患者分为两组，观察组采取情景模拟健康教育模式，而对照组依旧沿用传统健康教育模式，对以上两组患者跟踪随访的周期为1年，分析两组患者的部分生化指标、糖尿病知识掌握情况、自我护理能力及满意度。 结果 两组患者健康教育后干预1年后，观察组空腹血糖均值（6.35±1.97）mmol/L低于对照组（7.54±2.55）mmol/L（P=0.013）；观察组1年后餐后2 h血糖均值（10.11±2.20）mmol/L低于对照组（11.03±2.10）mmol/L（P=0.039）；观察组1年后糖化血红蛋白均值（7.02±1.72）%低于对照组（7.78±1.63）%（P=0.029）。观察组糖尿病知识掌握情况良好率（76.6%）优于对照组（45.8%）（P=0.002），观察组自我管理良好率（74.5%）优于对照组（45.8%）（P=0.004）。健康教育后，观察组护理满意度（89.4%）高于对照组（66.7%）（P=0.008）。 结论 应用情景模拟的方式在2型糖尿病患者健康教育的过程中提高患者的自我护理能力，有利于控制血糖，并且提高了患者对护理工作的满意度，对2型糖尿病的治疗大有裨益。

[关键词] 情景模拟；2型糖尿病；健康教育；护理能力

[中图分类号] R587.1 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701（2018）28-0152-04

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the effect of scenario simulation health education on the improvement of blood glucose and self-care ability in the patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods 95 patients with type 2 diabetes who were treated in the department of endocrinology in our hospital from January 2016 to January 2017 were selected. The patients were divided into two groups using a random number method. The observation group was given the model of scenario simulation health education. The control group was still given traditional health education model. The follow-up period for the above two groups of patients was one year. After that， some biochemical indicators， knowledge of diabetes， self-care ability and satisfaction were compared between the two groups of patients. Results After one year of intervention in the health education for both groups， the average fasting blood glucose（6.35±1.97）mmol/L was lower in the observation group than in the control group（7.54±2.55）mmol/L （P=0.013）； after one year， the average blood glucose level in the observation group at 2 hours after meal（10.11±2.20）mmol/L was lower in the observation group than in the control group（11.03±2.10）mmol/L（P=0.039）； after one year， the average HbA1c value in the observation group was（7.02±1.72）% in the observation group， which was lower than that in the control group（7.78±1.63）%（P=0.029）. The good rate of mastering knowledge of diabetes was higher in the observation group（76.6%） than in the control group（45.8%）（P=0.002）， and the good rate of self-management was better in the observation group（74.5%） than in the control group（45.8%）（P=0.004）. The satisfaction level of nursing care after health education was higher in the observation group（89.4%） than in the control group（66.7%）（P=0.008）. Conclusion The application of scenario simulation to improve the self-care ability of patients with type 2 diabetes in the course of health education is conducive to controlling blood glucose， and improving the patient's satisfaction with the nursing care， which is of great benefit to the treatment of type 2 diabetes.

[Key words] Scenario stimulation；Type 2 diabetes；Health education；Self-care ability

依据IDF即国际糖尿病联盟的专项调查可知，截止2014年全球糖尿病患者数量多达3.87亿，并且推算至2035年，该类型病患预计增幅为55%，数量规模约为6亿人[1]。由于每年因糖尿病而死亡的人数不断增加，相应的医疗支出规模也逐年递增，糖尿病这一类型疾病的医疗负担日益加重，2013年中国2型糖尿病防治指南中指出我国的糖尿病患病人群中以2型糖尿病为主，2型糖尿病占90%以上[2]。……