一种平面剪切型压电式加速度传感器的设计及测试技术研究
2018-01-03毛世杰雷体高王燕山刘德峰黄漫国
毛世杰 雷体高 王燕山 刘德峰 黄漫国
摘 要:传感器是故障预测与健康管理系统的最前端,是获取飞行器自身状态参数及所处工况环境参数的重要载体,而其中加速度传感器是使用最多的传感器之一,它被广泛的应用于结构振动加速度的监测系统中。文章所设计传感器选用PZT-5A作为敏感材料,参考多种敏感元件电荷产生机理,分析多种压电式加速度传感器结构,设计出以测量加速度物理量转化为电信号的剪切型轻质压电式加速度传感器,经实验验证,其具有较大的量程、较宽的工作温度范围、较高的防护等级,并能够在剧烈振动环境中保持良好性能。
关键词:平面剪切型;压电式;加速度传感器;有限元;灵敏度
中图分类号:TP212 文献标志码:A 文章编号:2095-2945(2018)33-0028-04
Abstract: Sensor is the front end of the fault prediction and health management system, and it is an important carrier to obtain the aircraft's own state parameters and the working environment parameters. The acceleration sensor is one of the most widely used sensors. It is widely used in the structural vibration acceleration monitoring system. The sensor designed in this paper chooses PZT-5A as the sensing material, refers to the charge generation mechanism of various sensing elements, and analyzes the structure of various piezoelectric acceleration sensors. A shear type light weight piezoelectric accelerometer is designed, which is converted into electrical signal by measuring acceleration physical quantity. The experiment proves that the sensor has a large measuring range, a wide working temperature range and a high protection level and can maintain the good performance in the intense vibration environment.
Keywords: plane shear type; piezoelectric type; accelerometer; finite element; sensitivity
引言
飛行器故障预测与健康管理(PHM,Prognostics and Health Management)技术被应用于飞行器的故障检测、故障隔离、诊断增强、性能检测、故障预测、健康管理、部件寿命追踪等领域,它具有提前发现故障隐患,避免重大灾难性事故,降低飞行器维护保障成本等作用[1]。在面向飞行器故障预测与健康管理系统应用中,飞行器不同位置的结构材料受到不同的工况环境影响,通常具有高温高压、振动剧烈、载荷强度大等特点。由于加速度传感器在使用过程中通常以螺栓固定、胶粘连接或者预埋结构等方式固定于被测结构中,为了减少加速度传感器对结构完整性的影响,需要对加速度传感器的体积质量、封装形式提出较高要求。……
