基于MaxEnt和ArcGIS的吉林省穿龙薯蓣分布区划研究
2017-12-15王哲李波肖井雷姜大成
王哲 李波 肖井雷 姜大成



[摘要]针对穿龙薯蓣资源保护和人工栽培区选择的实际问题,通过对吉林省内穿龙薯蓣进行实地调查,运用MaxEnt模型和GIS技术,筛选出影响穿龙薯蓣分布的主要环境因子,并对穿龙薯蓣进行分布区划研究,绘制吉林省穿龙薯蓣分布区划图。MaxEnt模型研究发现温度季节性变化的标准差、10月份降水量等6项主要环境因子对穿龙薯蓣的生长适宜度影响最大,生长适宜度数值范围为4612 08×10-6~0544 31,利用分位数法对穿龙薯蓣进行分布区划,划分为高适生区、中适生区、低适生区和不适生区4部分。其中高适生区集中在吉林省中部和南部地区,总面积47 988 km2。利用ArcGIS提取采样点的环境因子,统计主要环境因子在各适宜区内的数值情况。该研究绘制的吉林省穿龙薯蓣分布区划与实际情况基本一致,为明确最适合穿龙薯蓣生长的自然环境,也为开展穿龙薯蓣资源的保护和栽培区选择提供参考依据。
[关键词]穿龙薯蓣; 吉林省; 最大信息熵模型; GIS; 分布区划; 环境因子
[Abstract]At the urgent practical issue of resource protection and artificial cultivation area selection of Dioscorea nipponica, the dominant environmental factors affecting the distribution of D nipponicain Jilin province were selected by field investigation and using the maximum information entropy model and geographic information technology MaxEnt model study found that the standard deviation of seasonal variation of temperature, precipitation in October and other six environmental factors on the growth of D nipponica are the greatest impacting factors The range of suitability for the growth of D nipponica was 4612 08×10-60544 31, and the regionalization study was divided into four parts: high fitness area, middle fitness area, low fitness area and unfavorable area The high fitness area is concentrated in the central and southern areas of Jilin Province, using ArcGIS statistical environment factors in the appropriate area of the numerical situation The results showed that the regionalization study of D nipponica was basically the same as the actual situation It is clear that the natural environment suitable for the growth of D nipponica is also the basis for the protection of the resources and the selection of cultivated area
[Key words]Dioscorea nipponica; Jilin province; maximum entropy model(MaxEnt); geographic information system (GIS); regionalization study; environmental factor
薯蓣科植物穿龙薯蓣Dioscorea nipponica Makino的干燥根茎为常用中药“穿山龙”[1],是一种非常重要的药用植物。穿龙薯蓣在我国主要分布于东北、华北、华东、西北地区[2]。由于穿龙薯蓣分布范围较广,产地环境也会存在较大差异。有研究表明[3],东北地区所产穿龙薯蓣皂苷元含量较高,也是目前穿山龙药材的重要的产区[4]。吉林省地处中国东北地区中部,省内的长白山自然资源十分豐富,也是全国著名的中药材产区。……
