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外固定支架急诊治疗不稳定骨盆骨折的临床观察

2017-12-07余博黄强甘心荣苏华生

中国现代医生 2017年36期

余博 黄强 甘心荣 苏华生

[摘要] 目的 探討外固定支架急诊治疗不稳定骨盆骨折的临床疗效。 方法 选取2013年6月~2016年8月间我院收治的22例不稳定骨盆骨折采用外固定支架的方式进行治疗,术后定期影像学随访,以患者步态、疼痛情况、肢体长度、髋关节活动度、骨折复位情况等为标准进行综合评价。 结果 20例获得随访,随访时间12~42个月,平均(24.0±2.1)个月。术后6个月综合评价,优13例占66%,良4例占25%,可3例占9%,优良率91%。 结论 对于不稳定型的骨盆骨折,骨盆外固定架能迅速完成骨折的复位固定,能起到积极的抗休克作用,同时既可作为部分不稳定骨折的最终固定方法,也可作为临时固定,是一种简单有效、微创安全的治疗方法。

[关键词] 外固定支架;急诊;不稳定;骨盆骨折

[中图分类号] R683.3 [文献标识码] B [文章编号] 1673-9701(2017)36-0071-03

[Abstract] Objective To investigate the clinical effect of external fixator in the treatment of unstable pelvic fractures. Methods 22 patients with unstable pelvic fractures admitted in our hospital from June 2013 to August 2016 were treated with external fixation. The patients were followed up for radiography regularly and were comprehensively evaluated according to their gait, pain, limb length, hip mobility, fracture reduction. Results 20 cases were followed up for 12-42 months with an average of(24.0±2.1)months. At 6 months after surgery, the comprehensive evaluation was conducted. There were 13 cases of excellence(accounting for 66%), 4 cases of good(accounting for 25%), 3 cases of acceptable(accounting for 9%), with excellent and good rate of 91%. Conclusion For unstable pelvic fractures, pelvic external fixator can quickly complete the fracture fixation, can play a positive anti-shock effect. And the pelvic external fixator can not only be the final fixation of some unstable fractures, but also be a temporary fixation, which is a simple, effective, minimally invasive and safe treatment.

[Key words] External fixator;Emergency;Instability;Pelvic fracture

不稳定骨盆骨折通常是高能量暴力所致的严重创伤,常合并其他脏器损伤,可直接导致失血性休克,死亡率高[1,2]。骨盆外固定架早期应用于不稳定性骨盆骨折可有效地稳定骨盆,控制出血,减轻疼痛和治疗其他损伤,同时也降低了后期必要时需行切开复位内固定术的难度[3]。选取2013年6月~2016年8月间本院对于22例不稳定骨盆骨折,急诊采用骨盆外固定支架治疗,疗效满意,现报道如下。

1 资料与方法

1.1 一般资料

本组22例患者中,男16例,女6例;年龄23~62岁,平均(36.7±4.3)岁;致伤原因:高处坠落伤11例,交通事故伤9例,重物压伤2例;闭合伤21例,开放伤1例;合并休克2例,颅脑损伤3例,髋臼骨折5例,股骨、胫腓骨骨折3例,尿道断裂1例;……

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