张楹　王有萍　黄志兰

【摘要】 目的：分析B族鏈球菌感染对妊娠结局和新生儿的影响。方法：以2015年7月-2016年6月入住笔者所在医院待产的孕妇（孕周36～38周）105例为研究对象，入院后所有孕妇均取阴道和肛拭子分泌物进行PCR检查。根据PCR结果，将合并生殖道B族链球菌感染，并排除其他病原菌引起的生殖道感染的孕妇15例设为观察组，将未合并生殖道感染的孕妇90例设为对照组，比较两组孕妇的妊娠结局和新生儿情况。结果：本组孕妇的生殖道B族链球菌感染率为14.3%。观察组中，3例（20.0%）孕妇发生宫内感染、3例（20.0%）发生胎膜早破、4例（26.7%）发生早产，其发生率均明显高于对照组的1例（11.1%）、3例（3.3%）和5例（5.6%），差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。而两组孕妇产后出血、胎儿窘迫和羊水污染的发生率比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。另外，观察组中，4例（26.7%）发生新生儿肺炎，其发生率明显高于对照组的1例（1.1%），差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）。而两组新生儿黄疸和新生儿窒息的发生率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：生殖道B族链球菌感染可增加孕妇发生宫内感染、胎膜早破、早产和新生儿肺炎的发生率，临床上应加强孕妇生殖道B族链球菌感染的预防和治疗。

【关键词】 B族链球菌； 感染； 妊娠结局； 新生儿

doi：10.14033/j.cnki.cfmr.2017.22.006 文献标识码 B 文章编号 1674-6805（2017）22-0012-03

Increased Incidence of Adverse Pregnant Outcomes and Neonatal Jaundice Caused by Group B Streptococcus Infection/ZHANG Ying，WANG You-ping ，HUANG Zhi-lan.//Chinese and Foreign Medical Research，2017，15（22）：12-14

【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the effects of group B Streptococcus infection in the pregnantwomen on pregnancy outcomes and neonate.Method：A total of 105 pregnant women（gestational age：36 to 38 weeks） were enrolled in this study from July 2015 to June 2016.The vaginal secretion and anus swab samples were carried out in all subjects by PCR.Then，based on the results，all the patients were divided into the observation group（15 cases） with group B Streptococcus infection，and the control group（90 cases） without group B Streptococcus infection.The pregnancy outcomes and the neonatals condition were compared between the two groups.Result：In our study，the infection rate of group B Streptococcus was 14.3%.In the observation group，there were 3 cases（20.0%） with intrauterine infection，3 cases（20.0%） with premature rupture of membrane，4 cases（26.7%） with premature delivery，the incidences were all significantly higher than those in the control group （1/11.1%，3/3.3% and 5/5.6%，respectively），the differences were statistically significant（P<0.05）.And there were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage，fetal distress and amniotic fluid contamination（P>0.05）.Moreover，in the observation group，there were 4 cases（26.7%） with neonatal pneumonia，which was significantly higher than that of the control group（1，1.1%），the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.And there were no significant differences between the two groups with respect to the incidence of neonatal jaundice and neonatal asphyxia.Conclusion：The genital tract infection of group B Streptococcus in the pregnant women can increase the incidence of intrauterine infection，premature rupture of membranes，premature delivery and neonatal pneumonia.There is an urgent necessity to pay attention to the prevention and treatment of genital tract infection of group B Streptococcus in clinical practice.endprint

【Key words】 Group B streptococcus； Infection； Pregnancy outcome； Neonate

First-authors address：Maternal and Child Health Care of Tongliang Area in Chongqing City，Chongqing 402560，China

正常情况下，女性阴道内寄生着多种互相制约、互相作用的菌群，这些菌群共同维持阴道内微生态环境的平衡。一旦这些菌群的比例出现失调，就可导致女性生殖道感染，严重危害女性的生活质量和身体健康[1]。尤其对于孕妇，妊娠期合并生殖道感染不仅危害孕妇的身体健康，还可引起早产、胎儿宫内窘迫，甚至危害新生儿的身体健康，导致新生儿肺炎等[2]。

不同类型的生殖道感染对妊娠结局和新生儿的影响也不尽相同。……