徐蕊　侯雪艳　李淳　罗跃嘉

摘要：目的 基于中医情志理论和主观情绪体验，以中国民族乐器演奏的乐曲为素材，构建中医情志音乐治疗库。方法 本研究首先采用质化分析的方法，研究对象1共74人（包括274条对音乐情绪的有效描述），用以筛选乐曲并划分音乐情绪类别；研究对象2共37人（3132条有效评价），采用量化分析法，评估每首乐曲的音乐情绪类别、喜爱度和熟悉度；3位行业专家甄选乐曲、解析音乐情绪，初步构建中医情志音乐治疗库。结果 筛选120首乐曲并划分8种情绪类别：沉静感、清新感、欢愉感、超然感、释放感、振奋感、抒发感和倾诉感。相关性分析表明，熟悉度和喜爱度呈中度相关（费舍Z转换后的相关系数平均值为0.50），焦虑评分与欢愉感的喜爱度呈显著负相关（r=-0.41，P=0.017）。提出中医五志选曲类别和方法。结论 本研究初步建立了中医情志音乐治疗库，为治疗偏颇情志提供标准化的音乐素材和可操作的中医音乐治疗方法。

关键词：音乐治疗；情志；音乐库；质化分析；量化分析

DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1005-5304.2017.11.004

中图分类号：R247 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1005-5304（2017）11-0012-05

Abstract： Objective To structure the music database of TCM emotion treatment based on the TCM emotion theory and subjective emotion experience， setting the music played by Chinese musical instruments as materials. Methods This study adopted qualitative analysis and recruited 71 subjects （including 274 valid descriptions for emotion elicited by music） to select the names of music and to divide emotional categories of music. Then， 37 subjects （3132 valid evaluation） were adopted to assess emotional categories， degrees of favorite and familiarity for each piece of music by using quantitative analysis. Finally， 3 domain experts were invited to select music， to analyze music emotion， and to construct initially the database for TCM emotion treatment. Results Totally 120 songs were selected and eight emotional categories were divided， which were feelings of calm， refreshing， pleasure， detached， releasing， encouraging， expressing and pouring out. There was a moderate correlation between degrees of favorite and familiarity （average value of correlation coefficients after Fisher Z transformation was 0.50）. The scores of anxiety correlated negatively with the degrees of favorite in the type of pleasure （r=-0.41， P=0.017）. Accordingly， the methods of selecting music and regulation for five kinds of abnormal emotions in TCM were proposed. Conclusion This study preliminary establishes the TCM emotion music treatment database， providing standardized music and operable methods of regulating abnormal emotion for clinical TCM treatment.

Key words： music therapy； emotions in TCM； music database； qualitative analysis； quantitative analysis

基金项目：国家自然科学基金青年基金（81503480）；北京市自然科學基金青年基金（7154227）；北京市中医药科技发展基金（JJ2011-69）；中国中医科学院自主选题项目（Z0414）

乐（樂）与药（藥）字同源。古人认为音乐如同药物一样，对疾病具有治疗作用，尤其擅长调节情志类疾病。《理瀹骈文·略言》云：“七情之病，看花解闷，听曲消愁，有胜于服药者也。”中医音乐治疗情志的过程，体现了音乐与人的情感互动过程。……