不同低温层积天数和酸蚀时间对黄栌种子萌发的影响
2017-11-08李振林李晓环
李振林+李晓环
摘 要:该文以黄栌种子为试验材料,通过研究黄栌种子在不同的酸蚀时间(0min、10min、20min、30min、50min)和不同低温层积催芽天数(10d、20d、30d、50d)下的发芽率和发芽势,探索出适合黄栌种子发芽的最佳条件。试验结果表明:酸蚀50min,低温层积催芽50d的黄栌种子的发芽率最高为25%;酸蚀0min,低温层积催芽10d的黄栌种子的发芽率最低为0%。酸蚀时间分别为0min和50min,低温层积催芽20d,发芽势存在最低和最高,分别为0%和19%。可见,随着低温层积催芽天数和酸蚀时间的延长,种子发芽速度较快,种子的发芽率也随之增高。
关键词:黄栌种子;低温层积;酸蚀时间;浓硫酸;发芽率;发芽势
中图分类号 S687 文献标识码 A 文章编号 1007-7731(2017)19-0079-3
Effect of Different Time of Cold Stratification and Acid Etching on the Seed Germination of Sumac
Li Zhenlin et al.
(Hebei Saihanba Machinery Forest Farm Field North Mentian Forest Farm,Weichang 068457,China)
Abstract:The sumac seeds as materials,through the study of seeds in different etching time(0min,10min,20min,30min,50min) and different low temperature stratification days (10d,20d,30d,50d),the germination rate and germination potential were studied,the best conditions for seed germination of sumac was explored.The test results showed that the etching of 50min,low temperature stratification 50d sumac seed germination rate was up to 25%;acid 0 min,low temperature stratification 10d sumac seed germination rate was the lowest,0%.When etching time was 0min and 50min,with 20d low temperature stratification,germination potential was the lowest and highest,respectively,0% and 19%.With the extension of the time of cold stratification and acid etching,seed germination rate was faster,seed germination rate also increased.
Key words:Sumac seeds;Low temperature stratification;Etching time;Concentrated sulfuric acid;Germination rate;Germination potential
黄栌(Cotinus coggygria Scop.)为漆树科黄栌属[1]植物,落叶小乔木或灌木,叶片呈卵圆形,叶片在秋季当昼夜温差大于10℃的条件下会变红。在草坪、土丘或山坡上可栽植黄栌树种,用来美化环境,在常绿树种群中也可混植于其中,是良好的造林树种。另外,黄栌还具有一定的药用价值,能清热解毒,散瘀止痛,是一种利用价值较大的资源型植物。
黄栌种子生长到一定的时期,会发生以下变化:有种皮的限制而且种皮外含有一层蜡质,黄栌种子的吸水性、透水性差,新陈代谢的功能大大降低,从而导致黄栌种子难以萌发进入休眠的状态。所以用浓硫酸来酸蚀种皮,使其结构造成一定的破坏,增加透水透气性,打破休眠,从而促进黄栌种子的萌发。种子萌发是植物开始生长发育的关键阶段[2],而促进或抑制种子萌发的关键条件是外界生态条件[3-5],促进种子的萌发,进而提高其发芽效果[6]。……
