戴金平，朱 晨，郭文建，汪 磊，张 慧

山东省环境监测中心站，山东 济南 250101

某石化化工行业聚集区室内外PM2.5中多环芳烃分布特征及来源

戴金平，朱 晨，郭文建，汪 磊，张 慧

山东省环境监测中心站，山东 济南 250101

于非采暖季和采暖季分别采集某石化化工行业聚集城市中心城区室内外PM2.5样品，采用高效液相色谱法分析PM2.5上载带的16种PAHs，对其分布特征、来源以及室外PAHs污染对室内污染的贡献进行了初步探讨。结果表明，研究区域非采暖季和采暖季室外PM2.5中ΣPAHs浓度日均值分别为36.3、294 ng/m3，室内PM2.5中ΣPAHs浓度分别为14.8、84.6 ng/m3，均以4、5环PAHs为主；室内PAHs主要来自室外渗透污染，但同时明显存在室内排放源贡献；PAHs来源分析进一步证实研究区域PAHs主要来自煤炭、石油等不完全燃烧，采暖季煤炭燃烧源贡献更突出。

多环芳烃；PM2.5；来源分析；石化行业

Abstract:The indoor and outdoor PM2.5samples were collected from a petroleum and chemical industrial city during the heating and non-heating seasons, 16 types of PAHs were analyzed using HPLC technique. The distribution characteristics, sources of PAHs, and the effect on indoor air quality of outdoor air pollution were discussed. The result shows that, the total concentration of PAHs in outdoor PM2.5which collected in non-heating season and heating season were 36.3 and 294 ng/m3respectively. There were 14.8 and 84.6 ng/m3in indoor PM2.5. The concentration of PAHs in outdoor and indoor samples collected in heating-season is higher than which got in non-heating season, and the dominant components of PAHs in all the samples were 4 or 5 rings PAHs. The PAHs pollution of indoor mostly came from outdoor emissions penetration. The sources of PAHs were analyzed using diagnostic ratio method, it was found that coal and oil combustion were major sources of non-heating season, while the coal combustion was major sources of heating season.

Keywords:polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons;PM2.5;source analysis;petroleum and chemical industrial area

近年，我国伴随经济发展而来的大气污染问题逐渐显现。雾霾频发，人们越来越关注大气颗粒物对人体健康的危害。与可吸入颗粒物(PM10)相比，细颗粒物(PM2.5)粒径更小，更易吸附有害物质，经呼吸进入人体后可沉积于肺间质或穿过肺泡进入血液循环系统[1]，对人体健康造成危害。为此，环保部于2012年对《环境空气质量标准》(GB 3095—2012)进行了重新修订，将PM2.5纳入控制范围。

有研究表明， PM2.5中有机组分超过30%，而多环芳烃(PAHs)是其中重要组分[2]，且主要存在于PM2.5中[3]。PAHs作为一类由两个或两个以上苯环构成的有机化合物，依其结构特性会以气态或以颗粒物为载体进入大气，因有难降解、可致癌、可生物蓄集，能随大气环流远距离迁移等持久性有机污染物(POPs)特性一直倍受关注，美国环保署(USEPA)也选定16种PAHs作为其优先监控指标。……