近岸海域水质目标考核评价方法研究
2017-11-07刘喜惠李俊龙
李 曌,刘 方,丁 页,刘喜惠,李俊龙,陈 平
中国环境监测总站,国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室,北京 100012
近岸海域水质目标考核评价方法研究
李 曌,刘 方,丁 页,刘喜惠,李俊龙,陈 平
中国环境监测总站,国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室,北京 100012
为满足《水污染防治行动计划》近岸海域水质考核要求,根据目前近岸海域环境监测工作的实际情况,在考核范围、评价方法、目标分解、计分方法等方面进行了比较,在保证公平、公正的前提下,以一致性、可比性和适应性为原则,提出的考核评价方法以单因子评价法和点位评价法为基础,在未达标情况下,按照水质目标完成比例计分;达标情况下,在达标分值基础上按水质的保持和改善给予不同程度的加分,通过实例研究分析能够适应近岸海域水质状况变化的考核工作要求。
近岸海域;水质;考核
Abstract:In order to meet the requirements of coastal area water quality assessment in theActionPlanofWaterPollutionPrevention, based on the practical situation of current coastal environment monitoring work, the assessment scope, site location selecting, evaluation methods, target decomposition, scoring methods of different solutions were compared. On the premise of justice and equity, in the principle of consistency, comparability and adaptability, an assessment method was proposed, which is based on single factor assessment and site evaluation. In the circumstances of substandard samples, the result is the percentage of the water quality standard. Beyond the standard, awarded points could be given based on the level of water quality maintenance and improvement. According to instance analysis, the assessment method is able to meet the requirements of coastal area water quality assessment.
Keywords:coastal area;water quality;assessment
随着我国经济的发展,居民生活水平不断提高,环境压力不断加重,生态环境保护需要日益得到加强。近岸海域作为海洋环境受人类活动污染最敏感和最严重的区域,其生态环境的保护需要得到重视。为了更好地保护近岸海域环境,2015年,国务院发布的《水污染防治行动计划》[1]中提出,“到2020年,近岸海域水质优良比例达到70%左右”。通过提出保护措施和考核促进以环境质量为核心,加强近岸海域环境保护力度,以期达到在经济社会发展的同时,保持或提升近岸海域环境质量的目的。如何根据监测工作开展情况、水质状况及未来变化,提出一个客观的评价方法,成为迫切需要研究和解决的问题。……
