机载SAR方位空变补偿算法
2017-11-02王亚军张开生
向 聪 王亚军 张开生
(西安电子工程研究所 西安 710100)
机载SAR方位空变补偿算法
向 聪 王亚军 张开生
(西安电子工程研究所 西安 710100)
当载机的理想航迹与实际航迹存在偏差时,方位上分布不同的目标对应的运动误差历程具有方位空变性。结合传统子孔径频域补偿的思想,提出了一种新的方位空变误差精确补偿方法。该方法采用时域卷积替代频域点乘,在回波方位的慢时间域逐点对不同时刻、不同方位角目标的运动误差进行精确补偿。经仿真和实测数据验证表明,本文所提方法可在精确补偿方位空变误差的同时,能有效克服传统补偿方法存在的方位栅瓣问题,并具有运算复杂度低、利于工程实现的优点。
运动误差;方位空变误差;子孔径;方位栅瓣
Abstract: When there is deviation between ideal track and practical track of aircraft, the motion error course correspondent to different targets distributed in azimuth possesses azimuth-variant. A new azimuth-variant error precise compensation method is presented by combining idea of conventional subaperture compensation in frequency domain. This method employs time domain convolution to substitute frequency domain dot product to perform precise compensation for motion error of target in different azimuth at different time point by point in slow time domain of echo azimuth. The simulated and real measured data verifies that the presented method can be used to overcome azimuth grating lobe issue existed in conventional compensation method and provide advantageous like low operation complexity and benefit for implementation in project while compensating azimuth-variant error precisely.
Keywords:motion error; azimuth-variant error; subaperature; azimuth grating lobe
0 引言
合成孔径雷达(SyntheticAperture Radar,SAR)可在各种恶劣战场环境下全天时、全天候地获取大面积的距离-方位二维高分辨地表图像,其获取距离高分辨的手段是通过发射大带宽线性调频信号,而方位高分辨则依赖于平台与目标之间的相对运动以形成大虚拟阵列,从而突破天线尺寸对方位分辨率的限制[1]。
近年来,随着SAR成像技术的不断发展,其图像质量可与光学图像相比拟,分辨率已能达到厘米级。分辨率的提高对自动目标检测、特征提取、识别等能力的提升有很大帮助,极大地扩展其功能和应用。因而提高分辨率始终是雷达成像领域不懈追求的目标,但高分辨率同时意味着需要更高的运动补偿精度[2-5]。……
