茶芎的化学成分和药理作用研究进展
2017-10-25韩炜
韩炜
[摘要] 茶芎又名抚芎系伞形科藁本属植物,其化学成分包含简单苯酞及其二聚体类、有机酸酚类、黄酮类、香豆素类、生物碱类、挥发油以及多糖类等,其根茎具有行气活血、祛风止痛之功。现代药理研究表明,茶芎在中枢神经系统、心血管系统、子宫平滑肌和增强免疫力等方面具有显著药理作用。本文系统阐述其化学成分和药理方面的研究进展,为今后茶芎的研究开发提供参考。
[关键词] 茶芎;苯酞类;有机酚酸类;生物碱类;挥发油;药理作用
[中图分类号] R284.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)09(b)-0045-04
Advances in the chemical constituents and pharmacological effects of Ligusticum sinense Oliv cv. Chaxiong
HAN Wei
Center for Drug Evaluation, China Food and Drug Administration, Beijing 100038, China
[Abstract] Ligusticum sinense Oliv cv. Chaxiong that belongs to the species of Ligusticum of the umbelliferae family, which contains phthalides, organic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, alkaloids, volatile oil, polysaccharides and other effective components. The dried rhizome of Chaxiong is used as one of Chinese medicine for activating blood, promoting the circulation of Qi, dispelling wind and relieving pain. Modern pharmacological research indicates that Chaxiong has significant pharmacological effects in the central nervous system, cardiovascular system, uterine smooth muscle and enhance immunity, etc. This paper summarizes domestic and foreign reports on the pharmacological activities and active ingredients for its further research.
[Key words] Ligusticum sinense Oliv cv. Chaxiong; Organic acids; Alkaloids; Volatile oil; Pharmacological effects
茶芎又名撫芎(Ligusticum sinense Oliv cv. Chaxiong),系伞形科藁本属植物,主产于江西省九江地区,其性温,味辛,归肝经、胆经、心包经,其根茎具有行气活血、祛风止痛之功,茶芎与川芎同为伞形科藁本属植物,在临床上与川芎混用。王惠民[1]从本草学的角度对茶芎的历史、药用情况、产地和名称予以考证,认为茶芎古代以抚芎为名,与川芎、台芎、西芎合称芎,始见于《神农本草经》,列为上品。直到宋代,出现了“川芎”“抚芎”的名称,芎的分化才开始。茶芎原植物学名最早见于《中药志》,订为伞形科植物藁本Ligusticum sinense Oliv[2],但茶芎与藁本差异较大。范崔生[3]与江苏植物所单人骅订名为L.sinense Oliv cv. Chaxiong,该命名似更合理并被有关专著采用。本文对茶芎的化学成分及其药理作用进行文献综述,为茶芎的进一步研究开发提供参考。
1 茶芎的化学成分
目前从茶芎中分离得到的化学成分包含简单苯酞及其二聚体类、有机酸酚类、黄酮类、香豆素类、生物碱类、挥发油以及多糖类等成分,其中苯酞类化合物是其主要化学成分。……
