西咪替丁应用的安全性研究进展
2017-10-25刘玉明何颖沈先荣
刘玉明+++何颖++沈先荣
[摘要] 西咪替丁作为H2受体拮抗剂,除用于治疗消化性溃疡外,在临床中具有许多新的药理作用及用途。由于西咪替丁显著的疗效和良好的安全性,该药的临床应用越来越广泛,处方量与日俱增。但是近年来许多报道表明西咪替丁可引发各种不良反应,包括神经系统、生殖系统、变态反应、心血管系统、泌尿系统、内分泌系统不良反应以及药物相互作用禁忌等。有的不良反应发生率较高,但对于一些潜在的、罕见的药物不良反应也应引起高度重视。本文对西咪替丁安全性及其不良反应的研究进展进行综述,为提高西咪替丁药物的临床疗效及安全性提供依据。
[关键词] 西咪替丁;安全性;不良反应;研究进展
[中图分类号] R917 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-7210(2017)09(b)-0029-04
Research progress on application safety of Cimetidine
LIU Yuming HE Ying SHEN Xianrong
The PLA Key Laboratory of Biological Effect and Medical Protection on Naval Vessel Special Environment, Naval Medical Research Institute, Shanghai 200433, China
[Abstract] The H2-receptor antagonist Cimetidine, an antiulcer drug, has many new pharmacologic actions and clinical applications. Due to its notable curative effect and good safety, Cimitidine is increasingly applied in clinic and its prescriptions is growing. But in recent years the studies have shown that Cimetidine has the possibility of leading to adverse reactions in several aspects, such as in nervous system, reproductive system, anaphylaxis, cardiovascular system, urinary system, endocrinium and drug interactions. All these adverse reactions include not only some high incidence adverse reactions, but also some potential or rare ones. This article reviews the research progress on the safety of cimetidine and its adverse effects, in order to improve therapeutic effect and safety of clinical medications.
[Key words] Cimetidine; Safety; Adverse reactions; Research progress
西咪替丁又名甲氰咪胍、泰胃美,是一种H2受体拮抗剂,能竞争性抑制组织胺对壁细胞H2受体的作用,较好地抑制胃酸的分泌。西咪替丁由Smith Kline&Frech研制,于1976年在英国上市,1979年FDA批准在美国上市,临床上主要用于治疗胃、十二指肠溃疡。西咪替丁的出现是消化性溃疡治疗史上的第一次革命。在国家食品药品监督管理总局(CFDA)网站检索,目前获批“国药准字”的西咪替丁片有387条记录,西咪替丁胶囊有213条记录,西咪替丁注射液有38条记录。随着临床研究的推进,尽管西咪替丁是安全的,但临床中不合理用药可能产生个案的严重不良反应。为了加强对西咪替丁新用途的开发应用,笔者对近年来西咪替丁的安全性进行综述,旨在为该药的深入开发奠定基础,也为临床医生的合理用药提供参考。……
