陈佩

[摘要] 目的 探討住院糖尿病并发症（diabetic complications）患者治疗依从性的状况，发现其依从性的总体特点及一般规律。 方法 采用随机抽样的方法搜集于2016年6—8月在南京市高淳人民医院住院的155例糖尿病并发症患者进行问卷调查。调查方法包括一般资料问卷收集患者的基本情况；治疗依从性问卷评估患者的治疗依从性；主要包括4个部分：第1部分为基本情况的调查，包括姓名、性别、年龄、主要诊断、病程等11项。第2部分为饮食治疗依从性调查表，共20题，总分100分，（Cronbachsα系数为0.79）采用1～4级评分分为完全符合（5分）、基本符合（4分）、基本不符合（3分）、完全不符合（2分）。总分≥60分为依从性好，分数越高依从性就越好。≤50分为依从性差。第3部分为运动依从性调查表，该问卷包括对运动方式、时间、强度、频度4个方面。共11题，总分44分。根据Likert分级标准分为4级：经常运动（4分）、有时运动（3分）、偶尔运动（2分）、不运动（1分）。此量表经专家评审，问卷内容效度指数为0.83，Cronbachsα系数为0.82.问卷中包含的各项信度维持在0.65～0.91。第4部分为健康教育依从性调查表，自行设计糖尿病并发症健康教育问卷，共20题，答对一题给1分，总分20分。内容包括糖尿病基础知识、伴随疾病的相关知识，预防知识，治疗知识。 结果 饮食依从性、运动依从性与糖尿病并发症相关（P<0.05），健康教育依从性与糖尿病并发症无关（P>0.05）。结论 分析糖尿病并发症患者健康教育依从性差的原因及对策。

[关键词] 糖尿病；危险因素；慢性并发症；治疗依从性

[中图分类号] R587.1 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1672-4062（2017）06（a）-0023-03

[Abstract] Objective This paper tries to investigate the compliance status of patients with diabetic complications and to find out the general characteristics and general rules of compliances. Methods A randomized sample was used to collect 155 diabetic patients who were hospitalized in this hospital from June to August 2016. The survey method included the general information questionnaire to collect the basic situation of the patient； the treatment compliance questionnaire to assess the patients treatment compliances； mainly including four parts： the first part was the basic situation investigation， including： name， gender， age， main diagnosis， course of disease and other 11 items. The second part was the diet treatment compliance questionnaire， with a total of 20 questions and the total score of 100 points， （Cronbachsαcoefficient of 0.79） by one to four grade： fully consistent（5 points）， basically consistent（4 points）， basically not consistent （3 points）， completely not consistent（2 points）. Total score of more than or equal to 60 was of good compliance， the higher the score was， the better the compliance was. The score of less than or equal to 50 points was of poor compliance. The third part was the exercise compliance questionnaire， including four aspects： exercise mode， time， intensity and frequency， with a total of 11 questions and 44 points. According to Likert classification criteria， it was divided into four levels： regular exercise（4 points）， sometimes exercise （3 points）， occasional exercise （2 points）， and no exercise （1 point）. The scale of the questionnaire was reviewed by the experts with the validity of 0.83 and the Cronbachsα coefficient of 0.82. The reliability of the questionnaire was maintained between 0.65 and 0.91. The fourth part was the health education compliance questionnaire， which was self-designed， with a total of 20 questions， with a total score of 20 points， namely one question for one point， including basic knowledge of diabetes， knowledge associated with the disease， prevention knowledge， and treatment knowledge. Results Dietary compliance and exercise compliance were associated with diabetes mellitus （P<0.05）. Health education compliance was not associated with diabetic complications （P>0.05）. Conclusion Causes and countermeasures of health education of diabetic complications in patients with poor compliance are to be analyzed.endprint

[Key words] Diabetes； Risk factors； Chronic complications； Treatment compliance

糖尿病是由遗传和环境因素共同引起的一组以糖代谢紊乱为主要表现的临床综合症，临床以慢性高血糖為主要特征，可并发多种慢性并发症，导致器官功能障碍和衰竭，甚至致残或死亡[1]。……