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为接受多药治疗的2型糖尿病患者开展社区药学服务的体会

2017-09-20沈美赵华孙科王忠壮

上海医药 2017年16期
关键词:糖尿病服务

沈美+赵华+孙科+王忠壮

摘 要 目的:通过对欧阳路街道社区卫生服务中心73例2型糖尿病患者开展1年社区药学服务干预的模式,探索对慢性病患者开展社区药学服务的有效方式。方法:分别于干预前、干预6个月、干预12个月时,通过Morisky问卷分析药学服务干预前、后患者的用药依从性,并比较干预前、后患者的血糖指标、药物不良反应发生率及不良生活方式发生率等指标的变化情况。结果:药学服务干预后,糖尿病患者用药依从率从31.5%提升到90.4%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)达标率从30.1%提升到52.1%;药物不良反应发生率(ADRs)从41.1%下降到4.1%;不良生活方式改善明显。结论:开展社区药学服务有助于提高2型糖尿病患者的血糖控制,减少ADRs发生。社区药师应加强自身药学服务能力建设,提供个体化合理用药指导,减少患者不良反应发生。

关键词 2型糖尿病;社区药学服务;干预

中图分类号:R587.1/R95 文献标志码:A 文章编号:1006-1533(2017)16-0011-04

Experience of community pharmaceutical service for type 2 diabetes mellitus patients receiving multi drug treatment

SHEN Mei1, ZHAO Hua1, SUN Ke1, WANG Zhongzhuang2(1.Ouyang Community Health Service Centre of Hongkou District, Shanghai 200081, China; 2. Department of Pharmacy, Changhai Hospital,

Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China)

ABSTRACT Objective: Through the 1 year community pharmacy service intervention mode on 73 cases of type 2 diabetes mellitus in Ouyang Road Community Health Service Center, the effective way of community pharmacy service for chronic disease patients was explored. Methods: Before the intervention, 6 and 12 months of intervention, the compliance of the patients before and after the intervention was analyzed by Morisky questionnaire, and the blood glucose index, adverse drug reaction rate and incidence of adverse lifestyle were compared before and after the intervention. Results: After pharmaceutical service intervention, diabetes medication compliance rate increased from 31.5% to 90.4% and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c) compliance rate increased from 30.1% to 52.1%, the incidence of adverse drug reactions(ADRs) decreased from 41.1% to 4.1%, and the unhealthy life style was obviously improved. Conclusion: Development of community pharmaceutical service can help to improve blood glucose control and reduce the incidence of ADRs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Community pharmacists should strengthen the construction of their own pharmaceutical service capacity, provide individualized guidance for rational use of drugs and reduce the incidence of adverse reactions in the patients.

KEY WORDS type 2 diabetes mellitus; community pharmaceutical service; intervention

糖尿病是常见的慢性疾病之一,因其危害大、治愈难、费用高等特点,目前已成为严重威胁人类健康的社会问题。根据国际糖尿病联盟(IDF)统计,2015年全球糖尿病患者约有4.15亿人,每11个人就有1人罹患糖尿病。预测到2040年,全球将会有6.42亿人患有糖尿病,中国糖尿病患者也将达到1.51亿。由于2型糖尿病患者往往长期接受多药治疗,在治疗过程中经常会同时服用其他类别药物,而且糖尿病不同类别药物服药时间也不尽相同,容易出现不合理用药及服药依从性不佳等问题。随着社区卫生服務综合改革的不断深入,越来越多的居民选择在社区卫生服务中心就诊,或者在确定治疗方案后转至社区卫生服务中心继续治疗。社区药学服务是促进居民合理用药的重要途径,为进一步提高2型糖尿病患者用药依从性和血糖控制达标率,2014年4月—2015年3月,笔者所在的虹口区欧阳路街道社区卫生服务中心(简称中心)对辖区内确诊的73名2型糖尿病患者进行了为期1年的药学服务干预,经综合评估,取得了较好效果,现综述如下。……

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