王涛+张强+吴雨松+魏杰+高则睿+王乃定+倪铖+肖永银+唐梓议

摘要：采用微波膨胀技术处理云南省典型烟区烟梗，将微波处理和未用微波处理的烟梗均按常规工艺制成梗丝，分别测定了2种梗丝中致香成分的相对含量，检测出了8类77种致香物质，并对比分析了各种致香物质在处理前后的变化及其对感官评吸质量的影响。结果表明，微波处理烟梗制成的梗丝与常规梗丝相比，醇类和酯类致香物质相对含量无显著性差异；酚类和烯烃类相对含量有显著差异，变化量分别为-10.98%和10.33%；醛类、酮类、酸类和杂环类相对含量存在极显著差异，微波处理后其相对含量分别增加了27.54%、12.99%、39.15%和30.83%；烟梗经微波处理后感官品质明显改善。

关键词：烟梗；微波膨胀；梗丝；致香物质；云南省

中图分类号：TS49+1（274） 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）14-2694-05

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.14.024

Abstract： Using microwave expansion to treat tobacco stem from typical tobacco growing area of Yunnan province， tobacco stem treated by microwave treatment and non-microwave treatment were made into stem silk wire by the conventional process； and the relative content of the aroma components in the two kinds of stem silk were determined. 77 kinds of 8 class of the aroma components were determined. The change of aroma components and the effect to smoking quality were evaluated. The results showed that， compared to cut stem silk made of microwave treatment tobacco stem silk and by conventional process， alcohols and esters of the aroma components relative content had no significant difference. Phenolic and olefin hydrocarbon had significant difference， which was -10.98% and 10.33%， respectively. Aldehydes， ketones， acids and heterocyclic existed significantly difference， which was 27.54%， 12.99%， 39.15% and 30.83%， respectively. The sensory quality of tobacco cut stem silk was obviously improved after microwave expansion treatment.

Key words： tobacco stem； microwave expansion； stem silk； aroma substance； Yunnan province

烟叶由叶片和烟梗组成，烟梗是烟叶的粗硬叶脉，约占叶重的25%～30%，是烟叶工业用途的副产物[1]。由于烟梗与烟叶有相似的组分，并有改善烟支结构、降低成本和降焦的功效，所以一直是卷烟原料的组成部分[2]。中国烟梗的年产量为60万t左右，其中约有40万t（占比67%左右）能被有效利用[3]，其他的由于缺乏适当的调制方法，每年都有相当数量的烟梗被掩埋或焚烧。现在对烟梗的充分利用已成为烟草行业的研究热点，而将微波膨胀梗丝添加到卷烟配方中，发挥其减害降焦的作用是目前烟梗利用的主要途径[4-6]。但由于梗丝在卷烟中燃烧时产生的青杂气、木质气以及燃……