吕锐玲+蔡星星+周强+张盛+李兴华+王欢

摘要：在水稻（Oryza sativa L.）两系核不育研究过程中，用S1325（母本，籼粳杂交偏籼材料）与9663-1（父本，粳型材料）杂交，在其杂交后代F4中出现不育株，不育株花粉镜检为典败、套袋自交结实率为0，与同株系可育株杂交，其F1可育株与不育株出现1∶1分离，与三系保持系杂交，其F1结实正常，结实性表现完全恢复，不育株再生苗经21 ℃冷水处理，其花粉育性恢复正常并可正常结实，由此确定该不育株为两系不育株；又对双亲及其后代不育株进行6 K水稻全基因组芯片分析，排除不育株是来自外来花粉串粉的可能性，由此推测籼粳杂交后代可以产生新的两系核不育株。这是关于籼粳杂交可以创造新两系不育系的首次报道。

关键词：水稻（Oryza sativa L.）；两系核不育；籼粳杂交；基因芯片

中图分类号：S334.3；S511 文献标识码：A 文章编号：0439-8114（2017）14-2610-03

DOI：10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.14.003

Abstract： We crossed indica-clinous S1325 as female parent with japonica rice 9663-1. At F4 generation， many sterile plants were found，whose pollens were abortive，and seed setting rates were close to 0. When three sterile plants crossed with three fertile plants，the ratio of fertile plant with sterile plant is 1∶1 at F1 generation. When crossed with maintainer of three lines hybrid rice，the sterility of F1 generation was normal. When treated under the condition of 21 ℃ cold water，the sterility of regenerated young plants returned to normal. Thus，it was confirmed that these sterile plants were photo-thermo sensitive sterile lines. Rice genome 6K-microarray analysis was carried out on both parents and their generations and eliminated the possibility of foreign pollination. So a conclusion could be inferred that indica-japonica hybriding could produce new photo-thermo sensitive sterile lines. This is the first report about obtaining photo-thermo sensitive sterile lines by indica-japonica hybriding.

Key words： rice（Oryza sativa L.）； genic male steriie of two-line； indica-japonica hybriding； gene microarray

水稻（Oryza sativa L.）两系不育系（农垦58S）自1973年由石明松[1-3]在粳稻品种农垦58中发现后的几十年间，中国的两系杂交稻快速发展。据国家水稻数据中心的信息显示，在2009-2011年，杂交水稻每年推广面积排在前十名的品种中两系的品种有5个，连续3年推广面积居前三名的都是两系杂交稻[4]。到2012年，杂交稻年推广面积前十名的品种中两系品种上升到6个，已经超过了三系杂交稻[4]。目前两系杂交稻已经成为中国水稻生产中不可或缺的类型，在保障粮食安全生产中发挥着重要作用[5]。现在生产上应用的两系核不育系主要是由农垦58S衍生出来的实用两系不育系。另外，1987年邓华凤在籼稻三交组合后代中也发现籼型两系核不育株并育成安农1S[6]，后来还有研究者发现的株1S[7]和贺S[8]等两系不育系，在生产上也有应用。……