李雅静 刘春琴 吴娱 李玉虹 席国成 冯晓洁 刘福顺 李靖宇 王庆雷

摘要 [目的]明确暗黑鳃金龟成虫产卵量的影响因素，为人工饲养暗黑鳃金龟提供参考。[方法]采用不同食物、不同性比、不同饲养密度、不同土壤类型以及不同根际土等条件处理暗黑鳃金龟成虫，研究其对暗黑鳃金龟成虫产卵量的影响。[结果]喂食榆树叶成虫的产卵量最高，喂食槐树叶成虫的产卵量最低；不同性比条件下，雌虫的比例大产卵量高，雌雄比例为3∶1时产卵量最高，雌雄比例为1∶1时最早达到产卵高峰期；不同密度下，暗黑鳃金龟成虫单位面积产卵量随成虫数量增加而增大，但单雌产卵量随密度增大而降低；单箱饲养密度在200头左右最佳；黏土为最适宜成虫产卵的土壤环境；成虫在种植小麦的根际土中的产卵量最高。[结论]在暗黑鳃金龟的室内人工饲养中，暗黑鳃金龟成虫的产卵量受食物、性比、饲养密度、土壤等多种因素的影响。

关键词 暗黑鳃金龟；食物；性比；密度；土壤；产卵量

中图分类号 S433.5 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）07-0134-03

Effect of Factors on Fecundity of Holotrichia parallcla Motschulsky

LI Ya-jing，LIU Chun-qin，WU Yu，WANG Qing-lei* et al

（Cangzhou Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences， Cangzhou， Hebei 061001）

Abstract [Objective] Influencing factors on fecundity of Holotrichia parallcla Motschulsky were cleared to provide reference for artificial feeding of Holotrichia parallcla Motschulsky. [Method] We treated Holotrichia parallcla by different conditions of food， sex ratio， stocking density and soil， and studied the effect on fecundity of Holotrichia parallcla Motschulsky. [Result] The number of the adult eggs was highest by feeding elm leaves and lowest by feeding Ash leaves；Under the condition of different sex ratio， a larger proportion of female was useful to female lay eggs， the highest fecundity by the proportion of male and female 1∶3， the first to reach spawning peak ratio was 1∶1；the fecundity per unit area of Holotrichia parallcla was increased with the number of adults， but egg number per female was decrease with density increases；the best stocking density was about 200；clay soil was the most suitable environment for laying eggs；adult fecundity was highest in the wheat plant soil. [Conclusion] In artificial rearing of Holotrichia parallcla， the fecundity of adult was influenced by factors， such as food， sex ratio， stocking density， soil and so on.

Key words Holotrichia parallcla Motschulsky；Food；Sex ratio；Density；Soil；Fecundity

暗黑鰓金龟（Holotrichia parallcla Motschulsky）属鞘翅目鳃金龟科，广泛分布于我国20余个省，是为害花生、豆类及粮食作物的重要地下害虫，同时也为害各种林果木、草坪等园林植物[1-3]。近年来，暗黑鳃金龟对农林的危害在金龟类中逐渐上升到首位，成为重点防治和研究的对象。

暗黑鰓金龟生活世代周期较长，1年完成1个世代，多数以成虫与三越冬老熟幼虫越冬。人工饲养暗黑鰓金龟为其生活习性、生殖等方面的研究提供了条件。……