欧俊梅 王治斌 周强 陶军 任勇 何员江

摘要 [目的]探讨小麦开花及灌浆期叶片叶绿素含量与产量性状的相关性。[方法]以9个不同类型的小麦品系为材料，对旗叶和倒二叶的叶绿素含量、千粒重、穗粒数、单穗重等进行测定，并进行相关分析。[结果]在相同的环境条件下，不同类型的小麦在不同时期叶绿素含量均存在较大差异；小麦旗叶和倒二叶在开花期和灌浆期叶绿素含量的变化规律大致相同，都表现为先缓慢升高，灌浆1、2期达到最高峰后慢慢下降，灌浆3期下降较快，灌浆4期表现最低。旗叶在灌浆2、3期的叶绿素含量与单穗重分别呈极显著和显著正相关；灌浆2、3、4期的叶绿素含量分别与千粒重呈极显著正相关；倒二叶在开花期和灌浆1、2、3期叶绿素含量分别与单穗重和千粒重呈显著或极显著正相关；倒二叶在灌浆3期与小区产量呈显著正相关。[结论]该研究为小麦高产育种和利用提供了科学依据。

关键词 小麦；开花期；叶绿素；产量

中图分类号 S512.1 文献标识码 A 文章编号 0517-6611（2017）07-0042-02

Correlation Aanalysis between Chlorophyll Content of Leaves and Yield Traits in Wheat at Flowering and Grain Filling Stage

OU Jun-mei， WANG Zhi-bin，ZHOU Qiang et al

（Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Mianyang，Sichuan 621023）

Abstract [Objective] To study the correlation between chlorophyll content of leaves and yield traits in wheat at flowering and grain filling stage.[Method] The chlorophyll content of flag leaves and second top leaves， 1 000-grain weight， spike grain number and spike weight were measured by using nine wheat strains as the experimental materials，to study the correlation.[Result] The chlorophyll contents of different types of wheat in different periods were significantly different under the same conditions.The changes of chlorophyll content of flag leaves and second top leaves at flowering and grain filling stage were approximately the same.They increased slowly at first and reached the highest peak at 1st and 2nd filling stage，then followed by a slow decline， decreased rapidly at 4th filling stage.It had significant positive correlation between the chlorophyll content of flag leaves at the 2nd，3rd filling stages and spike weight；the cholorphyll content of the flag leaves at the 2nd，3rd，4th filling stages were extremely correlated with 1 000-grain weight； it had significant correlation between the chlorophyll content of the second top leaves at flowering and the 1st， 2nd，3rd filling stages and spike weight， 1 000-grain weight，respectively.The correlation between the second top leaves at 3rd filling stage and plot yield were significant.[Conclusion] The study provides a scientic basis for breeding and utilization of high-yield wheat.

Key words Wheat；Flowering stage；Chlorophyll；Yield

小麥作為主要的粮食作物之一，其产量直接影响世界粮食安全。小麦产量形成和增加的主要来源就是通过光合作用形成的产物。若要使小麦取得高产，首先要从源头抓起，即提高小麦光合作用的能力[1-3]。叶绿素是绿色植物进行光合作用的基础物质，小麦叶绿素含量是研究小麦生长特性、生理变化和氮素营养状况的重要指标[4-6]。关于小麦叶绿素含量与产量的报道有很多，如杨国华等[7]对春小麦灌浆期到成熟期高温胁迫下的旗叶叶绿素含量与产量的关系进行了研究；……