基于有限元的天平校准系统基座结构优化设计
2017-07-15赵永丰王均涛
赵永丰+王均涛



摘要: 在Solidworks环境下建立三维模型,运用有限元软件对基座结构进行动、静态性能分析,得到初始模型的性能参数.以最小质量为目标函数,以刚度、应力和频率为约束条件,建立数学模型.提出一种基于渐进结构优化法的拓扑优化方法,引入过滤函数来解决拓扑优化过程中容易出现的数值不稳定、数值分布呈棋盘模式的现象,保证计算结果的准确性.对拓扑优化后的模型重新分析计算后发现,其性能依然优异,基频提升26.7%,质量减少5.8%.
关键词: 基座; 静力分析; 模态分析; 拓扑优化; 渐进结构优化
中图分类号: TH 715文献标志码: A
Optimization Design of Pedestal Structure of Balance
Calibration System Based on Finite Element Method
ZHAO Yongfeng1,WANG Juntao2
(1.School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China;
2.Shanghai Machine Tool Works Ltd., Shanghai 200093, China)
Abstract: The threedimensional model is established in Solidworks,and the static and dynamic performance of the pedestal structure is analyzed by finite element software,which can help to get the performance parameters of the initial model.Based on the minimummass as the objective function,the mathematical model for topology optimization is established with the stiffness,stress and frequency as the constraint condition.For ensuring the accuracy of the calculation results,a method based on evolution structure optimization for topology optimization is presented and a filtering function is introduced in order to solve the numerical instability and checkerboard phenomenon in the topology optimization process.After analyzing the calculation of the topological optimized model,the structure performance is still excellent.As a result,the fundamental frequency increased by 27.6%,and the mass reduced by 5.8%.
Keywords: pedestal; static analysis; modal analysis; topology optimization; evolution structure optimization
风洞天平校准系统是目前世界各国在各类型气动力测量试验中广泛采用的测量装置,其性能指标直接影响天平校准系统的试验测量数据精度.风洞天平校准装置主要由龙门架、基座和四自由度机械台体组成,其系统结构如图1所示.基座支撑龙门架、加载机构和四自由度机械台等部件,在整个系统中占总质量的44.6%.因此,在保证刚度和强度的情况下,合理设计基座结构,进行拓扑优化,以使基座质量减小,同时降低工艺难度与生产成本,获得良好的经济效益.基座内部的筋板结构和布局在很大程度上決定了基座的动、静态性能[1],而基座静态特性与动态特性又影响着天平校准系统的测量性能与精度稳定性.低阶模态特性基本决定了产品的动态性能,因此,在基座结构优化过程中也要考虑频率方面……
