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茉莉酸甲酯调控下人参发状根皂苷合成相关基因表达的研究

2017-07-13王康宇于丽莉张美萍尹锐林彦萍

中国中药杂志 2017年12期

王康宇+于丽莉+张美萍+尹锐+林彦萍+赵明珠+孙春玉+王义

[摘要] 通过外源添加茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA),研究其调控液体培养条件下人参发状根中皂苷生物合成途径相关酶基因在诱导子作用时表达情况。以四年生吉林人参主根诱导的人参发状根无性系为材料,利用香草醛-硫酸比色法测定MeJA 处理前后人参发状根的总皂苷含量;同时,利用荧光实时定量PCR测定MeJA 处理前后人参发状根中鲨烯合成酶(squalene synthase,SQS)、鲨烯环氧酶(squalene epoxidase,SQE)、氧化鲨烯环化酶(oxidized squalene cyclase,OSC)、达玛烷二醇合成酶(dammarenediol synthase,DS)、β-香树脂合成酶(β-amyrin synthase,β-AS)和环阿屯醇合成酶(cycloartenol synthase,CAS)基因的相对表达量。结果表明:获得MeJA添加到人参发状根中最佳添加浓度为6×10-4μmol·L-1、添加时间为22 d、作用时间为5 d;MeJA的添加可以提高人参发状根中过氧化物酶(PPD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和过氧化物酶(PPD)的酶活性;經过MeJA处理后人参发状根中人参皂苷生物合成途径的SQS,SQE,OSC,DS,β-AS基因的表达变化均有显著提高,然而CAS基因的表达变化不显著。因此说明在添加MeJA处理后,皂苷生物合成途径中SQS,SQE,OSC,DS,β-AS基因表达情况与PPD,CAT,PPO的酶活性的变化趋势也相一致。

[关键词] 人参发状根; 人参皂苷生物合成; 茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA); 基因表达

[Abstract] In order to obtain the expression of ginsenoside biosynthetic pathway related enzyme gene in ginseng hairy root under the control of elicitors, methyl jasmonate (MeJA) was added exogenously as elicitors. Ginseng hairy root clones induced by 4-year-old ginseng root was used as material, total saponin content in ginseng hairy root before and after MeJA treatment was determined by vanillin-sulfuric acid colorimetry, Meanwhile, relative expression of squalene synthase genes, squalene epoxidase genes, oxidized squalene cyclase genes, dammarenediol synthase genes, β-amyrin synthase genes, cycloartenol synthase genes before and after MeJA treatment were determined by Real-time PCR. The optimum conditions of MeJA which added to ginseng hairy root were obtained, the optimum additional concentration was 6×10-4μmol·L-1, the optimum additional time was 22 d, and the optimum action time was 5 d. The addition of MeJA could improve the enzymatic activity of peroxidase (PPD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (PPD) in ginseng hairy root. The expression of SQS,SQE,OSC,DS and β-AS genes of ginsenoside biosynthetic pathway increased significantly after MeJA treatment, while the change of CAS gene expression were not significant. The expression of key enzyme SQS,SQE,OSC,DS and β-AS genes in ginsenoside biosynthetic pathway was consistent with the changes of PPD,CAT,PPO enzymatic activity.

[Key words] ginseng hairy root; ginsenoside biosynthesis; methyl jasmonic acid(MeJA); gene expression

人参Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer是驰名中外的五加科人参属植物,闻名遐迩的“东北三宝”之一[1]。吉林省是我国人参的主要产地,占全球人参总产量的70%,人参产业不仅是吉林省重要的经济组成部分,更是我国国民经济中最具特色的新兴产业之一。人参中的主要活性成分为人参皂苷,按其化学性质可分为:人参皂苷二醇型(A型),包括Ra,Rbl,Rb2,Rc,Rd,Rh2等;人参皂苷三醇型(B型),包括Re,Rf,Rg1,Rg2,Rh1等;……

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