朱震宇

摘要[目的]分析社会养老对家庭养老的影响，探讨社会养老服务的发展方向。[方法]对江苏省南京市230名老年群体进行问卷调查，从经济支持、生活照顾、心理支持情况等方面深刻分析了老年群体在接受社会养老后的家庭养老资源输出变化情况，并研究了老年群体的福利水平变化感知情况。[结果]目前老年群体仍比较看重家庭养老资源的输出，但家庭养老的现状不容乐观；社会养老对家庭养老一定程度上有替代效应。[结论]应注意到家庭养老资源的薄弱，不断完善社会养老服务。并从经济、生活服务内容、精神层面以及人才队伍建设等方面提出对策建议，完善老年群体的晚年幸福生活，真正做到“老有所养、老有所依”。

关键词社会养老；家庭养老；生活照料；心理支持

中图分类号S-9文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2017）19-0240-03

The Development Direction of Oldage Service Under the Trend of Social Pension—Based on the Investigation in Main Urban Area of Nanjing City

ZHU Zhenyu

（College of Public Administration， Nanjing Agricultural University， Nanjing，Jiangsu 210095）

Abstract[Objective]To analyze the impact of social support on the family pension， and to explore the development direction of social pension service. [Method]A questionnaire survey was conducted among 230 elderly groups in Nanjing， Jiangsu Province. The changes in the output of the oldage resources of the elderly group after receiving social support were analyzed from the aspects of economic support， life care and psychological support.The perceived situation of the change of welfare level of the elderly population was studied. [Result]At present， the elderly population still pay more attention to the output of the family pension resources， but the status quo of the family pension is not optimistic；social pension on the family pension to some extent have a substitute effect.[Conclusion]It should be noted that the family pension resources are weak， and constantly improve the social pension service. And from the economic， life service content， spiritual level and the construction of talent and other aspects of countermeasures and suggestions to improve the old age of the elderly happy life， and truly let the old have someone to depend on.

Key wordsSocial pension；Family pension；Life care；Psychological support

在老齡化日益严重的情况下，传统的家庭式养老已经不能有效满足老年人的生活需要，资源的缺乏不仅仅是财力的薄弱，还有人力的短缺。下一代的养老压力呈现增长趋势，代际差异凸显[1]。对于现代家庭，养老方式更多地从家庭养老向社会养老转移，社会养老方式也多种多样，在社会化养老趋势下，部分老年人口的家庭养老部分会出现大的变化，在不减弱养老服务需求的前提下，如何更好地应对社会养老的趋势，需要不断加强社会养老服务体系的建设。

社会化养老是指以构建居家养老为基础、社区养老为依托、机构养老为补充的运转协调、服务高效的新型老年社会福利服务体系和养老服务模式[2]。……