陈周文

【摘要】 目的：比較在首发精神分裂症患者、精神分裂症患者一级亲属及正常人群Stroop任务完成情况的差异性。方法：选取本院2015年3月-2017年2月诊治的78例首次发病精神分裂症患者为患者组，83例其一级亲属为亲属组，另选本市各社区的75例健康志愿者为对照组，分别进行Stroop任务测试，比较各组测试结果的差异，通过SIPS筛查亲属组研究对象，比较具有各级别前驱症状的亲属组之间Stroop任务完成情况。结果：三组研究对象卡C测试的反应时间比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05），而三组卡A及卡B的反应时间比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。患者组的卡B反应正确率低于亲属组及对照组，差异有统计学意义（P<0.05），而亲属组与对照组比较，差异无统计学意义（P>0.05），三组卡C的反应正确率比较，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。亲属组中具有精神分裂症前驱症状者占57.83%，其中APSS组与BIPS组的反应时间及正确率比较，差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05），但GRDS组反应时间长于APSS组及BIPS组，正确率低于APSS组及BIPS组，差异均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。结论：精神分裂症患者普遍出现认知障碍，其一级亲属也可能存在一定程度的认知损伤，尤其是GRDS患者。

【关键词】 精神分裂症； 认知障碍； Stroop任务

Comparative Study of Stroop Task in Patients with First Episode Schizophrenia and Their First Degree Relatives/CHEN Zhou-wen.//Medical Innovation of China，2017，14（17）：102-105

【Abstract】 Objective：To analyze the differences of Stroop task fulfillment among schizophrenia patients，patients first degree relatives and the normal population.Method：From March 2015 to February 2016，78 patients with schizophrenia were collected as the patient group，and 83 cases schizophrenia patients first-degree relatives were selected as the relatives group，75 cases healthy volunteers in our community were selected as the control group.The differences of Stroop task fulfillment among three groups were compared.Result：The reaction time of card C among three groups had statistic significant difference（P<0.05），but there were no significant differences on the reaction time of card A and card B among three groups （P>0.05）.The correct reaction rate of card B in the patients group was lower than those of the relatives group and the control group，the difference were statistic significant（P<0.05），but there were no significant difference between the relatives group and the control group（P>0.05）.There were statistically significant differences among the three groups about the correct rate of the card C（P<0.05）.There were 57.83% patients who had premonitory symptom in the relatives group，and there had no differents about the reaction time and accuracy rate of the Stroop task between the APSS and BIPS group（P>0.05），but the patients in the GRDS group had longer reaction time and lower correct rate of the Stroop task than those of the APSS and BIPS groups（P<0.05）.Conclusion：The schizophrenia patients generally have cognitive disorder，and their first-degree relatives probably have some cognitive impairment to some extent，especially in GRDS patient.

【Key words】 Schizophrenia； Cognitive impairment； Stroop task

First-authors address：Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen City，Shenzhen 518020，China

doi：10.3969/j.issn.1674-4985.2017.17.026

精神分裂症是较常见的精神疾病之一，高发年龄为15～45岁，具有起病缓慢、前期隐匿，易反复的特点[1]，主要的临床表现为感知觉、思维过程、情感反应、行为等多方面出现障碍及整体精神活动的不协调，严重影响了患者的社会功能，甚至会出现无法逆转的精神残疾[2]。目前关于精神分裂症的发病原因及机制尚不明确，但家族遗传因素在该疾病发病过程中具有至关重要的作用[3]。有研究表明，精神分裂症生物学亲属的遗传风险会随着亲缘级数的降低而增加[4]，而在精神分裂症患者的一级亲属中，同胞的患病率是9%，单卵双生子的患病率高达50%，因此，近年来有学者关注精神分裂症患者家族成员的相关研究，寻找相对同质的疾病易感性指标，并对该人群进行早期干预，可以有效地延缓精神分裂症的发病，改善预后[5]。……