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流域水网影响下的古代汉水中下游地区城镇空间格局演变研究

2017-06-22魏雷王玏

湖北农业科学 2017年10期

魏雷+王玏

摘要:以古代汉水中下游流域城镇为研究对象,通过对历史文献及方志舆图的梳理,分析了4个历史时期该流域城镇从农业文明发展、工商业文化交流、城镇格局的稳定与发展到城镇网络功能完善的演变历程,并结合案例分析了古代汉水中下游地区城镇营建特色。旨在为当今流域地区滨水城市建设与发展提供借鉴。

关键词:城镇群;古代城镇;空间格局;演变;汉水流域

中图分类号:TU984.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:0439-8114(2017)10-1869-04

DOI:10.14088/j.cnki.issn0439-8114.2017.10.018

Study on Spatial Pattern Evolution of Ancient Towns under the Water Networks in the Middle and Lower Reaches of Han River Basin

WEI Lei1,WANG Le2

(1.College of the Arts, Hubei University of Economics, Wuhan 430205, China; 2.College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China)

Abstract: In this study,the ancient towns in the middle and lower reaches of Han River basin were taken as the research object. The historical literature and ancient maps were collected, and four historical periods from agricultural civilization, industrial and commercial culture communication, natural eco-space basic pattern formation and the evolution course of ancient towns network function of the basin city cluster were analyzed. It also combined with case study of ancient towns construction characteristic in the middle and lower reaches of Han River basin under the influence of the water network so as to provide experiences for today's construction and development of the waterfront city in the river basin.

Key words: city cluster; ancient town; spatial pattern; evolution; Han river basin

自古以来,人类聚居地的发展与流域的自然资源条件密不可分。尼罗河流域孕育了埃及、希腊、罗马、拜占庭、伊斯兰等文明;两河流域孕育了苏美尔、阿卡德、巴比伦和亚述等文明。黄河流域、长江流域、淮河流域和汉水流域等则共同促进了世界上最古老的文明之一——“华夏文明”。

关于“华夏文明”的衍生与发展,张良皋[1]认为,古代巴域——巴人活动的区域,是华夏文明的发源地,其中心就在汉水中游的湖北省郧县、竹山一带。汉水流域众多城址遗存也表明其在华夏文明发展史中的重要地位。

本研究的古代时间界定为先秦至元明清时期,因为该历史时期是受水网影响最大,古代城镇格局变化最为丰富的时间段,研究对象界定于汉水中下游地区在方志舆图历史文献中能查找到的具有典型代表性的滨水城镇。通过研究历史阶段的汉水流域古代城镇空间格局演变,对于掌握流域水网与古代城镇的发展关联具有重要的意义。……

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