张云水　郭玲

[摘要] 目的 系统分析颌骨骨岛在各性别、年龄及部位的发生、分布规律，以及骨岛区种植手术的处理方式及效果。方法 通过计算机检索中外文数据库，并通过手工检索期刊中与颌骨骨岛有关的文献，找到符合要求的颌骨骨岛特点及骨岛区种植手术资料，中外各数据库检索时间定为建库至2016年11月，杂志检索时间为2000年1月～2016年11月。通过阅读全文，提取文献中相关数据，用SPSS 17.0软件进行统计分析。 结果 最终纳入文献76篇，70798个病例中的2360个发现骨岛，发生率为3.33%，多发于0～29岁，无性别差异，好发部位是下颌前磨牙及磨牙区。共收录骨岛区种植病例548例，519例对骨岛进行了避让。而未进行避让的29例种植病例中，术后3个月成功率为75.9%。 结论 骨岛区植入种植体的方式临床上应谨慎采用。

[关键词] 骨岛；发生；分布；种植

[中图分类号] R782 [文献标识码] A [文章编号] 1673-9701（2017）13-0015-03

[Abstract] Objective To systematically analyze the occurrence and distribution regularity of mandibular bone island in the sex， age and location and the treatment method， effect of implantation in the bone island. Methods The features of mandibular bone island and implanting surgery information in bone island area which met the requirements were found by retrieving Chinese and foreign database in computer， and by manually searching the jaw bone island related literature in journals. The retrieval time of the Chinese and foreign database was determined to November 2016， search time of magazine was from January 2000 to November 2016. By reading the full text， the relevant data in the literature was extracted and statistically analyzed by SPSS17.0 software. Results Finally， 76 articles were included. There were 2360 cases of bone island in 70798 cases， with the incidence of 3.33%， mostly in the 0-29 years old， and with no gender differences. The predilection sites are mandibular premolars and molar area. 548 cases of implanting area in the bone island area， and 519 cases were avoided for bone island. And the success rate at 3 months after surgery was 75.9% in the 29 cases of implantation cases which were not avoided. Conclusion The way of implanting the implant in bone island area should be carefully used clinically.

[Key words] Bone island； Occurrence； Distribution； Planting

骨島（bone islands，BIs）是位于松质骨内的大小不一的致密骨，有时又被称为骨斑或内生骨疣，好发于骨盆、股骨以及其他长骨[1-2]，一般是由软骨内骨化过程中的异常引起。多数骨岛是患者在其他疾病影像学检查时偶然发现，未表现出明显的临床症状。因其密度大，骨质硬度较高，当BIs出现在上下颌骨种植位点时，种植手术的难度及风险也随之增加。目前，国内骨岛方面的报道较少。本研究通过收集国内外颌骨骨岛相关文献，分析颌面部骨岛在各性别、年龄及部位的发生、分布规律以及骨岛区种植手术的处理方式及效果。

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