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外源绿原酸缓解黑大豆SB铝毒害的机理研究

2017-05-30江晓洁李芳王闻闻陈宣钦

广西植物 2017年6期
关键词:植物

江晓洁 李芳 王闻闻 陈宣钦

摘要: 该文研究了外源绿原酸(CGA)对Al胁迫下铝敏感型黑大豆SB根生理生化指标以及根中胁迫相关基因表达的变化,探讨外源CGA缓解SB根铝毒害的效果及分子机理。以不同浓度Al和CGA处理SB,筛选出CGA缓解Al毒害的最佳浓度,测定Al含量、抗氧化系统酶活性、1433蛋白与H+ATP酶的表达、H+泵活性。结果表明:低浓度CGA能缓解Al胁迫下黑大豆SB根伸长抑制,并促进侧根数目增加,而高濃度CGA的缓解效果下降;0.01 g·L1 CGA使Al胁迫下SB根尖Al含量与MDA含量下降,促进根系柠檬酸的分泌。RTPCR和Western Bloting分析表明0.01 g·L1 CGA促进Al胁迫下SB根中1433b、1433m、1433k和GHA2基因(质膜H+ATP酶)的表达,抑制MATE基因的表达。同时,0.01 g·L1 CGA能促进Al胁迫下质膜H+ATP酶蛋白磷酸化水平以及其与1433蛋白结合,且能提高质膜H+ATP酶和H+泵活性。因此推测外源CGA可能通过增加侧根数,增强1433蛋白和质膜H+ATP酶基因蛋白表达水平和互作,弥补Al胁迫下MATE表达的抑制,增加柠檬酸的分泌,增强SB对铝毒害的耐受性。

关键词: 黑大豆SB, 绿原酸, 柠檬酸, 1433蛋白, H+ATPase, Al胁迫

中图分类号: Q945.78

文献标识码: A

文章编号: 10003142(2017)06073409

Abstract: We investigated the influences of exogenous chlorogenic acid (CGA) on the physiological parameters and Al stressrelated gene expression of SB (Alsensitive black soybean) root under Al stress. A major goal of this report was to explore the alleviating molecular mechanism of exogenous CGA on Al toxicity in SB. SB seedings were cultured in water solution and treated with 50 μmol·L1 Al or CGA plus 50 μmol·L1 Al. The optimal concentration of CGA alleviating Al toxicity was screened. And we study the effects of optimal exogenous CGA on root tip Al content, the activities of antioxidant enzyme, the expressions of 1433 protein and H+ATPase, and the activity of H+ pump under 50 μmol·L1 Al stress. Low concentrations of CGA alleviated inhibition of root elongation caused by Al toxicity and promoted the increase of lateral root numbers under Al stress. However, the CGAalleviated effect was weaken with high concentration of CGA treatment. It was founded that the alleviation effect of 0.01 g·L1 CGA was the most significant. Exogenous 0.01 g·L1 CGA decreased the Al in root tips and MDA contents. And the citric acid content in root exudates of SB under Al stress was significantly increased due to the addition of exogenous 0.01 g·L1 CGA. Expression analysis showed that exogenous 0.01 g·L1 CGA enhanced the expression of three 1433 isoforms (1433b, 1433m, and 1433k) and increased the expression of GHA2 (plasma membrane H+ATPase) gene, but inhibited the gene expression of MATE in SB under Al stress. The results of immunoprecipitation(IP) showed that the phosphorylation of the PM H+ATPase was up regulated by the exogenous 0.01 g·L1 CGA, which could bind with 1433 protein under Al stress. Meanwhile, plasma membrane H+ATPase and H+ pump activities were both enhanced by exogenous 0.01 g·L1 CGA under Al stress. It was suggested that exogenous CGA may enhance the SB tolerance to Al stress by increasing the lateral roots number, compensating inhibition of MATE expression and interaction between them to increase citric acid exudation.

Key words: black soybean, chlorogenic acid, citric acid; 1433, H+ATPase; Al stress

酸性土壤主要分布在热带、亚热带地区和对食物要求量大的发展中国家,约占世界可耕种土壤的30%(Sasaki et al,2004)。酸性土壤中的铝毒害严重抑制农作物生长与产量。铝在土壤pH>7时基本以沉淀形式存在(硅酸盐或氧化物),对植物无毒。当土壤pH<5时,铝则会由沉淀形式转化成为可溶的离子状态,被植物吸收,造成伤害(Delhaize & Ryanp,1995)。氧自由基引起的膜脂氧化损伤几乎是各种逆境胁迫对植物损伤的共同途径和特征。植物体内存在清除氧自由基的酶和非酶抗氧化系统。低浓度Al胁迫下,小麦(孔繁翔和桑伟莲,2004)、水稻(马宝慧,2007)、八仙花(彭尽晖等,2013)、栝楼(周媛,2012)等植物中抗氧化酶活性随着Al3+浓度的增加而升高。耐铝豇豆品种T6 SOD,POD和CAT活性显著高于铝敏感豇豆品种S3(于力等,2012)。在1 000 mg·L1的高铝毒环境下,抗氧化酶会受到不同程度的抑制,抑制作用与植物种类有关。大豆根系中SOD与CAT活性在高浓度Al胁迫下显著下降(刘鹏等,2004);而同样在1 000 mg·L1Al胁迫下,荞麦根系中SOD活性显著降低,CAT活性有所升高(王保义等,2006)。植物体内存在非酶类抗氧化系统,主要包括各种还原性物质,如还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)、a生育酚(aTOC)、抗坏血酸(AsA)与类胡萝卜素(CAR)等 (马宝慧,2007)。

铝诱导的有机酸分泌是植物缓解Al毒的最重要途径。在铝毒胁迫下,植物根系有机酸的分泌受H+ATPase、多药耐药毒性物外排转运蛋白(MATE)和1433蛋白等的调控。MATE转运蛋白广泛存在于植物中(梁锋等,2011)。A……

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