广州地区引种杜鹃花品种园林开发综合评价
2017-05-30倪建中李许文刘文王伟郁书君代色平
倪建中 李许文 刘文 王伟 郁书君 代色平
摘 要 在连续3 a的观测及驯化栽培基础上,采用层次分析法对引种到广州地区的32个杜鹃花品种园林开发价值进行综合评价,评价模型由适应性、观赏性、开发利用潜力3个评价准则及相关的13个评价因子构成。评价结果分为4个等级,Ⅰ级有8个品种,其在各方面均表现良好,具有推广应用价值;Ⅱ级包含11个品种,其可与其他品种配植;Ⅲ级暂不推荐在广州地区园林上应用,可继续进行跟进观测。
关键词 杜鹃花;层次分析法;园林开发;广州
中图分类号 S685.21 文献标识码 A
Comprehensive Evaluation of Landscape Exploitation and
Application of Azaleas Imported Cultivars in Guangzhou
NI Jianzhong1, LI Xuwen1, LIU Wen1, WANG Wei1, YU Shujun2, DAI Seping1 *
1 Guangzhou Institute of Forestry and Landscape Architecture / Guangzhou Municipal Key Laboratory of Landscape
Architecture, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510405, China
2 College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, China
Abstract Based on observations of 3 years and domestication experiment, the potential landscape application value of 32 introduced Azalea cultivars in Guangzhou were synthetically assessed by analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The comprehensive evaluation model is made up of 3 evaluation criteria-adaptability, ornamental effect, exploitation potential, along with 13 related evaluation factors. Based on the method and model, the 32 imported cultivars were classified into 3 grades, 8 cultivars were selected as the gradeⅠ, indicating the highest application value, 11 cultivars as the gradeⅡ, which could be planted with other cultivars, the left as the grade Ⅲ, which were temporarily excluded.
Key words Azalea; analytic hierarchy process; landscape exploitation and application; Guangzhou
doi 10.3969/j.issn.1000-2561.2017.08.005
杜鵑花是中国十大传统名花之一,其种类丰富,姿态优美,是著名的观赏花卉之一,在中外园林中广泛应用。通常杜鹃花可分为常绿杜鹃类(Rhododendron)和落叶杜鹃类(Azalea,以产自日本的原种和栽培品种为主)[1]。华南地区杜鹃花种类很多,广东省具有40余种野生杜鹃花,但目前在广州地区常用的杜鹃花主要有锦绣杜鹃(Rhododendron pulchrum)和凤凰杜鹃(R. pulchrum var. phoeniceum),偶见映山红(R. simsii)和皋月杜鹃(R. indicum)[2],这与丰富的种质资源极不相称。野生杜鹃花多生长在中海拔山地,喜阴凉湿润,忌炎热和强光暴晒,难以适应广州的气候条件。目前各地园林绿化上应用较多的是园艺栽培品种,其一般可分为春鹃、夏鹃、西鹃、东鹃与高山杜鹃五大品系[3]。通过不同地区的杜鹃花引种,研究者们发现区系地理相同或相近的区域间、气候相似的引种地引种较易成功[4-6],广生态幅杜鹃花是重点引种对象[5-6],且园艺栽培品种适应环境能力较强,引种易于成功[5]。……
