李喆 于宁 于金成 赵辉

摘要[目的]评估豁眼鹅作为父本的杂交利用效果。[方法]以豁眼鹅为父本，以四川白鹅为母本，测定其杂交后代1～10周龄增重、10周龄体尺及屠宰性能。[结果]在日增重方面，豁眼鹅公鹅、豁眼鹅母鹅的日增重均显著高于四川白鹅公鹅和四川白鹅母鹅（P<0.05），杂交公鹅的日增重明显高于豁眼鹅公鹅和四川白鹅公鹅。在屠宰性能方面，杂交鹅公、母鹅均优于各纯系。在体尺指标方面，豁眼鹅、四川白鹅和杂交鹅的体尺指标存在不同程度差异，其中杂交鹅的平均体斜长、龙骨长、胸深、胫长、半潜水长等均高于豁眼鹅和四川白鹅（P<0.05）；杂交鹅与豁眼鹅、四川白鹅的胸宽差异不显著（P>0.05）；豁眼鹅的胫围显著高于四川白鹅和杂交鹅（P<0.05）。[结论]豁眼鹅可作为杂交利用的父本。

关键词豁眼鹅；四川白鹅；杂交利用；生长性能；屠宰性能；体尺

中图分类号S835文献标识码A文章编号0517-6611（2017）09-0101-04

Study on the Meat Performances of Huoyan Goose，Sichuan White Goose and Their Crossbred

LI Zhe， YU Ning， YU Jincheng*， ZHAO Hui*

（Institute of Grassland and Animal Husbandry， Liaoning Academy of Agricultural Sciences， Shenyang， Liaoning 110161）

Abstract[Objective] To evaluate the crossbreeding effect of Huoyan goose as a male parent.[Method] Taking Huoyan goose as male parent and Sichuan White goose as female parent，1-10 weekold weight gain，10weekold body size and slaughter performance of their hybrid offsprings were determined. [Result] From daily weight gain，the daily weight gain of female and male Huoyan goose were significantly higher than that of female and male Sichuan white goose （P<0.05） . The daily weight gain of their hybrid offsprings was obviously higher than that of male Huoyan goose and male Sichuan white goose. From the slaughter performance， the slaughter performance of hybrid offsprings was better than that of the related pure lines. There were various degree of differences between Huoyan goose，Sichuan white goose and their hybrid offsprings in the body size. The average body slanting length， keel length， chest depth， shank length， semidiving length and other indices of hybrid geese were higher than those of Huoyan goose and Sichuan white goose（P<0.05）. There was no significant difference in chest width between pure lines and their hybrid offsprings. The tibia circumference of Huoyan goose was significantly higher than that of Sichuan white goose and hybrid geese. [Conclusion] Huoyan goose can be used as male parent of hybridization.

Key wordsHuoyan goose；Sichuan white goose；Hybridization；Growth performance；Slaughter performance；Body size

豁眼鹅（Huoyan goose）又名豁鹅、疤拉眼鹅，在山东省被称为五龙鹅，主要分布于山东省烟台市和辽宁省铁岭市周边地区，1989年被收录于《中国家禽品种志》，2000年列入《国家畜禽品种保护名录》，2006年列入《国家畜禽遗传资源保护名录》[1]。豁眼鹅具有产蛋多、抗严寒、耐粗饲等优良特征[2]以及呈伴性遺传方式的豁眼性状[3]，是宝贵的鹅种质资源和难得的杂交材料。豁眼鹅与我国主要鹅品种的遗传差异较大[4]，根据杂种优势理论，以豁眼鹅为父本或母本的杂交方式可产生优良的F1代。在生产实践中，为了

充分发挥其优良的繁殖性能，人们往往根据不同目的将豁

眼鹅作为母本來杂交利用，其F1代的早期生长性能、屠宰性能、肉品质[5]等较好，但以豁眼鹅作父本的杂交利用评估相对较少。笔者以豁眼鹅为父本，通过与早期增重较快的四川白鹅为母本杂交，测定其后代1～10周龄的体重、采食量和屠宰性能，旨在为豁眼鹅的推广利用和作为配套系父系提供科学依据。

1材料与方法