李吉荣

对形容词和副词比较级的考查在短文改错和语法填空中都有所体现。正确掌握用法是解题的前提。

1. 比较级构成误用

I am tireder than you. （F）

I am more tired than you. （T）

归纳 熟记下列不规则形容词副词的比较等级的构成：

bad/badly/ill—worse—worst

some/much/many—more—most

little—less—least

good/well—better—best

far—farther/further—farthest/furthest

old—older/elder—oldest/eldest

例1 To make matters bad， now I have to share a room with my younger sister， Maggie.

解析 bad→worse。这里用短语to make things/matters worse表示“更糟糕的是”，因此这里用形容词的比较级worse。

例2 I learned early in life that I had to be more patient and little aggressive.

解析 little→less。考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及上文中的more patient可知这里应把little改为比较级less。

例3 Many people have donated that type of blood， however， the blood bank needs _______ （much）.

解析 more。句意：很多人都捐献了那种血型的血，然而，血库需要更多。由many people和however可知应该用more表示“更多”。

例4 It may not be a great suggestion. But before a _______ （good） one is put forward， we will make do with it.

解析 better。句意：它或许不是一个好建议，但在有更好的建议之前，我们先凑合一下。此处暗含比較。

例5 If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work，you should take a step back and identify those of greater and ________ （little） importance.

解析 less。考查形容词的比较级。根据语境及上文的greater and可知此处应该用形容词的比较级来修饰importance，故填less。

2. 比较连词混用

His story is more interesting as my sisters. （F）

His story is more interesting than my sisters. （T）

His story is as interesting as my sisters. （T）

归纳 more与than搭配，as ... as ...是固定结构。

例6 It is said that the power plant is now twice __________ large as what it was.

解析 as。句意：据说现在这个发电厂是以前的两倍大。倍数的表示法有多种，此处为“倍数+as ... as ...”结构，因此本空填as。

例7 There are a small number of people involved， possibly as little as twenty.

解析 1ittle→few。句意：只有少数人牵涉其中，可能少到只有20人。本句twenty后省略了people（集体名词），故用few而不是little修饰。

3. 转化错误

Tom is not as/so tall as Mike.

Tom is taller than Mike. （F）

Tom is shorter than Mike. （T）

Mike is taller than Tom. （T）

Science is not as/so popular as Chinese.

Science is more popular than Chinese. （F）

Chinese is more popular than Science. （T）

Science is less popular than Chinese. （T）

I prefer swimming to skating.

I like skating better than swimming. （F）

I like swimming better than skating. （T）

Today is not cold than yesterday. （F）

Today is less cold than yesterday. （T）

This book is two time as thick as that one. （F）

This book is two times as thick as that one. （T）

归纳 not so/as ... as ...结构强调前者比不上后者；prefer ... to ...句型强调更喜欢的是前者；less ... than ...以及more ... than ...用于多音节形容词的比较级中。降级比较也用“less+原级（单/多音节）+than”，如Today is less cold than yesterday；在表达倍数时，常用句型有“倍数+as ... as ...”和“倍数+比较级+than ...”。当倍数是两倍时常用double或twice表示，当倍数大于1时，time应用复数形式。

例8 I think watching TV every evening is a waste of time， there are ________ （meaningful） things to do.

解析 more meaningful。句意：我认为每天晚上看电视是浪费时间， 有更有意义的事可以去做。根据句意可知，此处应用meaningful的比较级形式。

4. 比较级与最高级之间的转化……