光纤光栅压力传感器的研究进展与趋势
2017-04-10林剑涛曹晓峰祝睿雪周俐娜
林剑涛++曹晓峰++祝睿雪++周俐娜++程永进



摘要: 由于在灵敏度、绝缘性、抗腐蚀和分布式测量等方面具有优势,光纤光栅压力传感器在能源化工、航空航天和土木工程等领域中逐渐地受到人们关注,并成为研究热点。通过综述近年来迅速发展的光纤光栅压力传感器的研究进展,介绍了利用光纤布拉格光栅(FBG)轴向应变构建压力传感器的工作原理、结构和特点,并按照光纤光栅安装方式对此类压力传感器进行了分类,同时概述了光纤光栅横向压力传感的实验研究,并对光纤光栅压力传感器的发展趋势进行了述评。
关键词:
光纤光栅; 压力; 横向压力; 传感器
中图分类号: TN 253文献标志码: Adoi: 10.3969/j.issn.10055630.2017.01.015
Research progresses and developing trends of optical
fiber grating pressure sensor
LIN Jiantao, CAO Xiaofeng, ZHU Ruixue, ZHOU Lina, CHENG Yongjin
(School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China)
Abstract:
Due to its advantages in sensitivity,insulativity,resistance to corrosion and distributed measurement,fiber Bragg grating(FBG)based pressure sensor has gradually been attracted interests and becomes a research hotspotin the fields such as petrochemical,aerospace and civil engineering.This paper reviews the research progresses of optical fiber grating pressure sensor,which rapidly develops in recent years.Firstly it introduces how the pressure sensors are built by using the axial strain of fiber Bragg grating and their principle,structure and characteristics.This kind of pressure sensors are classified according to the installation methods of fiber gratings.Secondly the experimental study on fiber grating transverse pressure sensing is summarized.Finally the developing trend of fiber grating pressure sensor is commented.
Keywords: optical fiber grating; pressure; transverse pressure; sensor
引言
光纖光栅是一种非常重要的光纤无源器件,它具有径细质轻、电绝缘性好、抗腐蚀和抗电磁干扰性强等优点,易实现分布式监测,适合在复杂恶劣的环境下工作,通过对传感器结构设计和封装工艺选择可实现对压力、温度、流量、加速度等物理量的测量,已广泛地应用于能源化工、航空航天、大型土木工程等领域。对于压力的测量是近十年来光纤光栅传感技术发展的热点之一,1993年Xu等首次采用裸光纤光栅进行压力传感特性研究,发现在70 MPa高压下,其压力灵敏度系数仅为-1.98×10-6 MPa-1[1]。二十多年来光纤光栅压力传感器的研究和发展非常迅速,国内外学者先后提出了多种设计方案[25],开展了大量理论和实验研究[611],涉及的应用领域非常广泛。本文从光纤光栅纵向应变压力传感器和光纤光栅横向应变压力传感器两个方面分别阐述目前国内外此类传感器的主要研究进展,并对其前景进行展望。……
